Mysteries of Egyptian Zodiacs and Other Riddles of Ancient History by Anatoly T Fomenko & al (2004).pdf

It is commonly believed that 3000 years

of Ancient Egyptian history ended around

the year 500 A.D. leaving behind

phenomenal monuments, temples and

tombs. But, can we trust Egyptian

chronology?

MYSTERIES OF EGYPTIAN ZODIACS

A GUIDE TO DATING ANCIENT ASTRONOMICAL DATA

“Mysteries of Egyptian Zodiacs” will undermine

your beliefs in the conventional history of

Egypt, by providing you with strong

scientific proof that ancient Egyptian

temples and tombs were created after the year 1000 A.D. This

book is not based on historical speculations, but it is a

comprehensive scientific analysis of the Egyptian zodiacs — the

astronomical calendars holding the real dates of Ancient Egypt.

Authors of this book are mathematicians who scrupulously

investigated the existing astronomical evidence and used

special computer programs to calculate the dates encoded

in the Egyptian zodiacs. The book explains in every detail how to

read the astronomical data shown on the Egyptian zodiacs, and

provides the reader with all the necessary tools to conduct

independent research into this area of astronomical dating.

It was always extremely hard to introduce principally new ideas

in any field of knowledge. The authors of this book show that there

are serious problems in a very foundation of the conventional

chronology. This exciting topic will make readers shake and crave

for more

Anatoly T. Fomenko

Wieslaw Z. Krawcewicz

Tatiana N. Fomenko

Gleb V. Nosovsky

And Other Riddles of Ancient History

Mysteries of

Egyptian Zodiacs

and

Other Riddles of Ancient

History

A Guide to Dating

Ancient Astronomical Data

Anatoly T. Fomenko

Tatiana N. Fomenko

Wieslaw Z. Krawcewicz

Gleb V. Nosovskij

New Chronology Publications

January 3, 2004

Preface

We are all aware that history can not be considered as an

area of knowledge where the portrayed facts are scientically

supported. It was always an arena for political or nationalis-

tic manipulations and smaller or larger falsication. Ancient

history is not an exception and in fact its problems are more

serious than one could suspect.

show that there are serious problems in a very foundation of

the conventional chronology.

How anybody can be sure that historical events we learned

about in school, from books or even movies, really took place?

Maybe some of them are simply fairy tales or fantasies that

are considered now to be historical facts. However, a pre-

vailing opinion is that there is no reason to worry about

the accuracy of the conventional chronology. Historians claim

that their work provides us with clear and comprehensive

explanations of every historical epoch and that strictly sci-

entic methods, for example the carbon-14 dating and den-

drochronology support it. However, there are serious problems

with usage of physical methods for supporting the conven-

tional chronology. We do not want to discuss this problem

here and we refer the interested reader to the books [103] and

[115].

All the authors of this book are mathematicians and we

would like to illustrate how modern applied mathematics can

be used to investigate the chronology of ancient events. Our

results challenge the correctness of the ancient chronology

supported by the overwhelming opinion of reputable experts

in history. It is not our intention to create a sensation or to

discredit anybody. Our objective is to attract more attention

to a serious scientic problem.

We are aware that it was always extremely hard to in-

troduce principally new ideas in any eld of knowledge.

There are numerous examples in physics, mathematics, bi-

ology, medicine and other sciences, when the new theories

were only accepted after long years of absolute rejection by

almost all experts. Nevertheless, every area of science had

its turning points when, with hesitation and lots of pain, old

and well established knowledge was rejected to accept new

concepts. Such reversals happened before in astronomy, me-

chanics, chemistry, physics and even in mathematics. There

were also reversals in economics and psychology as well. Sur-

prisingly, the historical chronology throughout the last four

centuries remains intact. There was no signicant improve-

ment of the chronology in spite of the computer technology

and modern methods of data analysis.

The astronomical dating, using contemporary scientic

theories, remains in fact the only method that can produce re-

liable precise dates for ancient events. In particular, remains

of old Egyptian zodiacs containing horoscopes are important

material for such dating. Analysis of some of these horoscopes

was already attempted in the 18th and 19th centuries but did

not lead to any solid date.

Recently it was discovered (see [114]) that Egyptian zodi-

acs contain much more astronomical information that it was

previously believed. This gave us an opportunity to establish

dozens of unique dates from the ancient Egyptian history. It

appears that it is possible to determine with very high

condence the exact dates represented on the Egyp-

tian zodiacs .

Nowadays, more and more mathematics is used in the so-

cial sciences. During the last century, economics owes its de-

velopment to mathematics. There is a growing need for math-

ematics in psychology, sociology, demography, social epidemi-

ology and criminology. Not surprisingly, mathematics is also

trying to make its contribution in areas that seem to be quite

distant from it.

In this book we have collected many accessible to us old

Egyptian zodiacs containing valid astronomical data (horo-

scopes), which were created in form of reliefs, carvings in

stone or paintings. The purpose of this book is to analyze and

astronomically date all those zodiacs. The obtained dates ap-

pear to be much later than it is suggested in the conventional

chronology of Egypt.

Historical chronology, when it was created in the 17th

century was considered as a part of mathematics (even J.

Scaliger, who is know as the creator of the presently accepted

version of the chronology, considered himself as a mathemati-

cian). Later, it was incorporated as a part of history, which is a

pure social science not relying on the natural sciences method-

ology. Without solid scientic tools, historians are not able to

solve principal problems existing in the chronology (clearly,

problems exist in any area of knowledge). In our book, we will

We are not going to discuss in this book how serious are

the implications of these new dates on ancient history. Our

only objective is to present a serious scientic evidence with-

out making any a priori assumption of its correctness or in-

correctness. Our research is independent of the restrictions

imposed by the conventional chronology. Being mathemati-

cians, we simply solve the puzzle of ancient Egypt zodiacs,

iii

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