Celtic Mythology.pdf

U MYTHOLOGY U

CELTIC

MYTHOLOGY

Catherine Bernard

For the Cunningham, Daley, and Collins clans

Enslow Publishers, Inc., wishes to thank Professor Daniel Melia

of the University of California Celtic Studies Program for his

invaluable assistance with the pronunciation guide.

No part of this book may be reproduced by any means

without the written permission of the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bernard, Catherine.

Celtic mythology / Catherine Bernard.

p. cm.

Summary: Introduces the Celts and their mythology, relating

seven tales with their roots primarily in Ireland and Wales and

placing each in historical and cultural context.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-7660-2204-8

1. Mythology, Celtic—Juvenile literature. [1. Mythology,

Celtic.] I. Title.

BL900.B47 2003

398.2’089’916—dc21

2002152978

Printed in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

To Our Readers: We have done our best to make sure all Internet addresses in

this book were active and appropriate when we went to press. However, the

author and the publisher have no control over and assume no liability for the

material available on those Internet sites or on other Web sites they may link to.

Any comments or suggestions can be sent by e-mail to comments@enslow.com

or to the address on the back cover.

Cover and illustrations by William Sauts Bock

C ONTENTS

Celtic Names and Places . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Preface and Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1 The Coming of the

Tuatha Dé Danaan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2 The Milesian Invasion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3 Cúchulainn and Emer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

4 Oisín . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

5 Gwydion and Aranrhod . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

6 Pwyll, Head of Hades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

7 Culhwch and Olwen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Chapter Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Further Reading

and Internet Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

C ELTIC N AMES AND P LACES

Pronouncing Irish Words

●

When pronouncing Irish words, stress usually falls heavily on

the first syllable. Vowels in unaccented syllables, particularly

final syllables, are schwas—the neutral vowel sound found,

for instance, in the first syllable of “pajamas” or the “a” in

“about,” and phonetically represented here as “uh.”

●

“Ch” represents the sound found in Scots “loch” or German

“ach.”

●

“Gh” represents a soft, guttural sound.

●

There are two “th” sounds: one as in “thin” (represented here

as “th”) and one as in “this” (represented here as “th ”).

●

“B” and “m,” when not the first letter in a word, are, roughly,

like an English “v.”

●

“S,” when preceded or followed by an “i” or “e,” is like the

English “sh.”

Pronouncing Welsh Words

●

Stress in Welsh is usually on the next-to-last (penultimate)

syllable of a word, as in Latin. Welsh has the same “th”

contrast between unvoiced (“th”) and voiced (“ th ”) forms as

do Irish and English.

●

“Ch” represents the sound found in Scots “loch” or German

“ach.”

●

“Gh” is a soft guttural sound.

●

Sounds that do not occur in English include unvoiced “l,”

spelled “ll” and pronounced like “tl” said quickly. (To make

this sound in the Welsh fashion, place one side of the tongue

lightly between the upper and lower teeth on one side of the

mouth and blow gently.)

●

“Rh” is approximated by pronouncing it as if written “hr”;

plain Welsh “r” is lightly trilled with the tip of the tongue.

●

As a vowel, “w” is pronounced “oo” if long and “u” if short.

When a consonant, “w” is pronounced as in English.

●

“U,” when short, is like the “i” in “pill”, when long, like “ee”

as in “feed.”

●

“Y” has three sounds, depending on its length and whether it

is in a final syllable: “ee” as in “feed,” “i” as in “pin,” and “uh”

as in “but.”

●

A single “f ” is pronounced as “v.”

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