Children's Portrait Photography Handbook.pdf

Children’s Portrait

PHOTOGRAPHY HANDBOOK

Amherst Media ®

PUBLISHER OF PHOTOGRAPHY BOOKS

BILL HURTER

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Bill Hurter started out in photography in 1972 in Washington, DC, where he was a news photographer. He even cov-

ered the political scene—including the Watergate hearings. After graduating with a BA in literature from American

University in 1972, he completed training at the Brooks Institute of Photography in 1975. Going on to work at Pe-

tersen’s PhotoGraphic magazine, he held practically every job except art director. He has been the owner of his own

creative agency, shot stock, and worked assignments (including a year or so with the L.A. Dodgers). He has been di-

rectly involved in photography for the last thirty years and has seen the revolution in technology. In 1988, Bill was

awarded an honorary Masters of Science degree from the Brooks Institute. He has written more than a dozen instruc-

tional books for professional photographers and is currently the editor of Rangefinder magazine.

Front cover photograph by Stacy Bratton.

Back cover photographs by Jeff Hawkins Photography (top) and Kersti Malvre (bottom).

Published by:

Amherst Media, Inc.

P.O. Box 586

Buffalo, N.Y. 14226

Fax: 716-874-4508

www.AmherstMedia.com

Publisher: Craig Alesse

Senior Editor/Production Manager: Michelle Perkins

Assistant Editor: Barbara A. Lynch-Johnt

ISBN-13: 978-1-58428-208-2

Library of Congress Control Number: 2006937281

Printed in Korea.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechani-

cal, photocopied, recorded or otherwise, without prior written consent from the publisher.

Notice of Disclaimer: The information contained in this book is based on the author’s experience and opinions. The au-

thor and publisher will not be held liable for the use or misuse of the information in this book.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

The Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

The Rewards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Reflectance Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Incident Light Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Incident Flashmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Spotmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

1. CAMERA TECHNIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

The Normal Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

The Short Telephoto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Longer Telephotos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Focusing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Focal Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Autofocus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Image Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Depth of Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Shooting Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Optimum Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Shutter Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Outdoors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Handholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Moving Subjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

With Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

2. DIGITAL CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

LCD Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Battery Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Camera Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

ISO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Black & White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

White Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Color Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Latitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Evaluating Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

4. OUTDOOR AND NATURAL LIGHTING . . . . . .36

Common Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Direct Sunlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Backlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Cross Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Softening with Scrims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Flash-Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Overhead Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Blocking Overhead Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Filling Overhead Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Twilight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Window Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Window Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Falloff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Time of Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Backlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Diffusing Window Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Fill Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

JPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Reformat Your Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

5. POSING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

The Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

Facial Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

3. STUDIO LIGHTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Three Dimensions and Roundness . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Quality of Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Size of the Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Distance to Subject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Diffused vs. Undiffused Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Light Positions and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Main Light and Fill Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Hair Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Background Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Kicker Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Lighting Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Broad vs. Short Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

The Basic Lighting Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Catchlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Lighting Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Calculating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Ratios for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Some Favorite Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Large Softboxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Softbox and Silver Reflector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Fran Reisner’s Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

4 CHILDREN ’ S PORTRAIT PHOTOGRAPHY HANDBOOK

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