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“Frontmatter”

Environmental Engineer's Handbook

Ed. David H.F. Liu & Bela G. Liptak

Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999

1999byCRCPressLLC

Environmental Engineering Contents

1 Environmental Laws and Regulations

1.1

Administrative Laws

1.2

Information Laws

1.3

Natural Resource Laws

1.4

Pollution Control Laws

2 Environmental Impact Assessment

2.1

Background Conceptual and Administration Information

2.2

EIA Methods: The Broad Perspective

2.3

Interaction Matrix and Simple Checklist Methods

2.4

Techniques for Impact Prediction

2.5

Decision-Focused Checklists

2.6

Preparation of Written Documentation

2.7

Environmental Monitoring

2.8

Emerging Issues in the EIA Process

2.9

International Activities in Environmental Impact Assessment

3 Pollution Prevention in Chemical Manufacturing

3.1

Regulations and Definitions

3.2

Pollution Prevention Methodology

3.3

Pollution Prevention Techniques

3.4

Life Cycle Assessment

3.5

Sustainable Manufacturing

3.6

R & D for Cleaner Processes

3.7

Reaction Engineering

3.8

Separation and Recycling Systems

3.9

Engineering Review

3.10

Process Modifications

3.11

Process Integration

3.12

Process Analysis

3.13

Process Control

3.14

Public Sector Activities

4 Standards

Air Quality Standards

4.1

Setting Standards

4.2

Technology Standards

4.3

Other Air Standards

Noise Standards

4.4

Noise Standards

Water Standards

4.5

Water Quality Standards

4.6

Drinking Water Standards

4.7

Groundwater Standards

International Standards

4.8

ISO 14000 Environmental Standards

5 Air Pollution

Pollutants: Sources, Effects, and Dispersion Modeling

5.1

Sources, Effects, and Fate of Pollutants

5.2

VOCs and HAPs Emission from Chemical Plants

5.3

HAPs from Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industries

5.4

Atmospheric Chemistry

5.5

Macro Air Pollution Effects

5.6

Meteorology

5.7

Meteorologic Applications in Air Pollution Control

5.8

Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling

Air Quality

5.9

Emission Measurements

5.10

Air Quality Monitoring

5.11

Stack Sampling

5.12

Continuous Emission Monitoring

5.13

Remote Sensing Techniques

Pollutants: Minimization and Control

5.14

Pollution Reduction

5.15

Particulate Controls

5.16

Dry Collectors

5.17

Electrostatic Precipitators

5.18

Wet Collectors

5.19

Gaseous Emission Control

5.20

Physical and Chemical Separation

5.21

Thermal Destruction

5.22

Biofiltration

Fugitive Emissions: Sources and Controls

5.23

Fugitive Industrial Particulate Emissions

5.24

Fugitive Industrial Chemical Emissions

5.25

Fugitive Dust

Odor Control

5.26

Perception, Effect, and Characterization

5.27

Odor Control Strategy

Indoor Air Pollution

5.28

Radon and Other Pollutants

5.29

Air Quality in the Workplace

6 Noise Pollution

6.1

The Physics of Sound and Hearing

6.2

Noise Sources

6.3

The Effects of Noise

6.4

Noise Measurements

6.5

Noise Assessment and Evaluation

6.6

Noise Control at the Source

6.7

Noise Control in the Transmission Path

6.8

Protecting the Receiver

7 Wastewater Treatment

Sources and Characteristics

7.1

Nature of Wastewater

7.2

Sources and Effects of Contaminants

7.3

Characterization of Industrial Wastewater

7.4

Wastewater Minimization

7.5

Developing a Treatment Strategy

Monitoring and Analysis

7.6

Flow and Level Monitoring

7.7

pH, Oxidation-Reduction Probes and Ion-Selective Sensors

7.8

Oxygen Analyzers

7.9

Sludge, Colloidal Suspension, and Oil Monitors

Sewers and Pumping Stations

7.10

Industrial Sewer Design

7.11

Manholes, Catch Basins, and Drain Hubs

7.12

Pumps and Pumping Stations

Equalization and Primary Treatment

7.13

Equalization Basins

7.14

Screens and Comminutors

7.15

Grit Removal

7.16

Grease Removal and Skimming

7.17

Sedimentation

7.18

Flotation and Foaming

7.19

Sludge Pumping and Transportation

Conventional Biological Treatment

7.20

Septic and Imhoff Tanks

7.21

Conventional Sewage Treatment Plants

Secondary Treatment

7.22

Wastewater Microbiology

7.23

Trickling Filters

7.24

Rotating Biological Contactors

7.25

Activated-Sludge Processes

7.26

Extended Aeration

7.27

Ponds and Lagoons

7.28

Anaerobic Treatment

7.29

Secondary Clarification

7.30

Disinfection

Advanced or Tertiary Treatment

7.31

Treatment Plant Advances

7.32

Chemical Precipitation

7.33

Filtration

7.34

Coagulation and Emulsion Breaking

Organics, Salts, Metals, and Nutrient Removal

7.35

Soluble Organics Removal

7.36

Inorganic Salt Removal by Ion Exchange

7.37

Demineralization

7.38

Nutrient (Nitrogen and Phosphorous) Removal

Chemical Treatment

7.39

Neutralization Agents and Processes

7.40

pH Control Systems

7.41

Oxidation-Reduction Agents and Processes

7.42

ORP Control (Chrome and Cyanide Treatment)

7.43

Oil Separation and Removal

Sludge Stabilization and Dewatering

7.44

Stabilization: Aerobic Digestion

7.45

Stabilization: Anaerobic Digestion

7.46

Sludge Thickening

7.47

Dewatering Filters

7.48

Dewatering: Centrifugation

7.49

Heat Treatment and Thermal Dryers

Sludge Disposal

7.50

Sludge Incineration

7.51

Lagoons and Landfills

7.52

Spray Irrigation

7.53

Ocean Dumping

7.54

Air Drying

7.55

Composting

8 Removing Specific Water Contaminants

8.1

Removing Suspended Solid Contaminants

8.2

Removing Organic Contaminants

8.3

Removing Inorganic Contaminants

8.4

Inorganic Neutralization and Recovery

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