Winter Survival Course Handbook.pdf

SURVIVAL MANUAL

WINTER 2002

UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

Mountain Warfare Training Center

Bridgeport, California 93517-5001

WINTER SURVIVAL COURSE HANDBOOK

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAP

CONTENTS

1 REQUIREMENTS FOR SURVIVAL

2 SURVIVAL KIT

3 WATER PROCUREMENT

4 EXPEDIENT SHELTERS AND FIRES

5 CORE VALUES AND MOUNTAIN LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES

6 SURVIVAL SIGNALING AND RECOVERY

7 SURVIVAL NAVIGATION

8 TRAPS AND SNARES

9 USES FOR GAME

10 SURVIVAL FISHING

11 FIELD EXPEDIENT TOOLS, WEAPONS, AND EQUIPMENT

12 EXPEDIENT SNOWSHOES

13 WINTER TRACKING

14 SURVIVAL MEDICINE

15 WEATHER

16 INTRO TO EVASION

17 AVALANCHE AND ICE HAZARDS

APPENDIX

A EVASION PLAN OF ACTION FORMAT

B “THE EDGE” GUIDED DISCUSSION

C SURVIVAL QUICK REFERENCE CHECKLIST

D ANIMAL HABITS

E TACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

F GRADING STANDARDS

UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS

Mountain Warfare Training Center

Bridgeport, California 93517-5001

WSVX 02.01

02/06/05

STUDENT HANDOUT

REQUIREMENTS FOR SURVIVAL

TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE In a cold weather mountainous environment, apply the

requirements for survival, in accordance with the references. (WSVX.02.01)

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES

(1) Without the aid of references and given the acronym “SURVIVAL”, describe in writing the

acronym “SURVIVAL”, in accordance with the references. (WSVX.02.01a)

(2) Without the aid of references, list in writing the survival stressors, in accordance with the

references. (WSVX.02.01b)

(3) Without the aid of references, list in writing the priorities of work in a survival situation, in

accordance with the references. (WSVX.02.01c)

OUTLINE

1. REQUIREMENTS FOR SURVIVAL

a. This mental “mind-set” is important in many ways. We usually call it the “will to survive”

although you might call it “attitude” just as well. This basically means that, if you do not

have the right attitude, you may still not survive.

b. A guideline that can assist you is the acronym “ SURVIVAL”. ( WSVX.02.01a )

(1) S ize up.

(a) Size up the situation.

1. Conceal yourself from the enemy.

2. Use your senses to hear, smell, and see to determine and consider what

is developing on the battlefield before you make your survival plan.

(b) Size up your surroundings.

WSVX 02.01

01-1

1. Determine the rhythm or pattern of the area.

2. Note animal and bird noises and their movement.

3. Note enemy traffic and civilian movement.

1. Check your wounds and give yourself first aid.

2. Take care to prevent further bodily harm.

3. Evaluate condition of self and unit prior to developing survival

plan.

(d) Size up your equipment.

1. Consider how available equipment may affect survival senses;

tailor accordingly.

(2) U ndue haste makes waste.

(a) Plan your moves so that you can move out quickly without

endangering yourself if the enemy is near.

(3) R emember where you are.

(a) If you have a map, spot your location and relate it to the surrounding

terrain.

(b) Pay close attention to where you are and where you are going.

Constantly orient yourself .

following:

1. The location of enemy units and controlled areas.

2. The location of friendly units and controlled areas.

3. The location of local water sources.

4. Areas that will provide good cover and concealment.

(4) V anquish fear and panic.

01-2

WSVX 02.01

(a) Realistic and challenging training builds self-confidence and confidence for a

unit’s leadership.

(b) The feeling of fear and panic will be present. The survivor must

control these feelings.

(5) I mprovise and Improve.

(a) Use tools designed for one purpose for other applications.

(b) Use objects around you for different needs. (i.e. use a rock for a

hammer)

(6) V alue living.

(a) Place a high value on living.

(b) Refuse to give into the problem and obstacles that face you.

(7) A ct like the natives.

(a) Observe the people in the area to determine their daily eating, sleeping, and

drinking routines.

(b) Observe animal life in the area to help you find sources of food and

water.

NOTES: Remember that animal reactions can reveal your presence to the enemy.

Animals cannot serve as an absolute guide to what you can eat and drink.

(8) L ive by your wits, but for now , learn basic skills.

(a) Practice basic survival skills during all training programs and exercises.

2. STRESS . Stress has many positive benefits. Stress provides us with challenges: it gives us chances

to learn about our values and strengths. Too much stress leads to distress. While many of these signs

may not be self-identified, it remains critical that all survivors remain attentive to each other’s signs

of distress. Listed are a few common signs of distress found when faced with too much stress:

a. Difficulty in making decisions ( do not confuse this sign for a symptom of

hypothermia ).

b. Angry outbursts.

c. Forgetfulness.

WSVX 02.01

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