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another sex tutorial - main
another sex tutorial - main
another sex tutorial
http://sweetecstacy.com/tutorial/main.htm (1 of 2) [10/5/2003 9:18:23 PM]
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another sex tutorial - main
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
Glossary of HIV/AIDS Terms
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
___ This glossary is provided for a better understanding of HIV/AIDS terminology in
current usage. Medical and scientific terminology are based on the Surgeon General's
Report of AIDS, publications of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the
former Global AIDS Programme of the World Health Organization (now part of
U.N.AIDS), AIDS Treatment Data Network, and Harvard's Global Policy on AIDS
Coalition. The research literature was also consulted through the internet. This glossary is
up to date; some terms in this field have changed (e.g. ARC; GRID) and are no longer
used. For purposes of discussion in this report, the term AIDS is commonly used to
include HIV infection and disease and AIDS-related opportunistic infections and related-
diseases. HIV/AIDS is also used.
A
Abstinence-only: A strict morality-based philosophy that preaches "no" to any sexual
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
activity before marriage. Not having sexual intercourse is the safest way to avoid the
sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS, although a majority of young adults and teens do not
believe abstinence-only is a realistic option. However, the reality of HIV/AIDS is simple:
avoid the exchange of bodily fluids and blood especially.
Abstinence-based: A slightly more open curriculum that stresses abstinence as the
safest way to avoid HIV but allows for some discussion of sex and the ethics of sexual
activity.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): A progressive weakening of the
immune system accompanied by one or more indicator diseases (opportunistic infections)
-- including Kaposi's sarcoma, invasive cervical cancer, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia,
and wasting syndrome. In AIDS, common immune system deterioration is marked by a
depletion of T-helper (T 4/CD4) cells, which help stimulate antibody production. AIDS is
commonly thought to be caused by a retrovirus, HIV.
AIDS: is now a commonly-used term for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and also
for HIV/AIDS; WHO uses the term to "denote the entire health problem associate with HIV
infection."
American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR): was co-founded in 1985 by Dr.
Mathilde Krim and by Dr. Michael Gottlieb. It remains an influential advocate for HIV/AIDS
research and programs.
Anal sex: Sexual intercourse when the penis is inserted in the anus. Often used as a
birth control measure by young adults.
Antibiotic: A substance that kills or inhibits the growth of organisms. Once considered a
magic bullet, antibiotics are now commonly used to combat disease and infection.
Indications are growing that many human viruses and bacteria are becoming resistant to
current antibiotics.
Antibody: Members of a class of proteins known as immunoglobins. Antibodies may tag,
destroy and neutralize bacteria, viruses or other harmful toxins. Antibodies attack infected
cells, making them vulnerable to attack by other elements of the immune system.
Antigen: A foreign protein that causes an immune response (the production of antibodies
to fight antigens). Common examples of antigens are the bacteria and viruses that cause
human disease. The antibody is formed in response to a particular antigen unique to that
antigen, reacting with no other.
Antiretroviral: A substance that stops or suppresses the activity of a retrovirus such as
HIV. AZT was the first widely used antiretroviral drug and now more combinations are
reaching the market. Antiretrovirals are not a cure but do help manage AIDS as a chronic
disease and perhaps helps strengthen a PWA's health.
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another sex tutorial - GLOSSARY of HIV & AIDS
Asymptomatic: When there is no visible or noticeable changes in the body; i.e., an HIV-
positive person does not show any signs of "AIDS symptoms." Thus, asymptomatic
carriers are a threat to their unsuspecting sexual partners.
At risk: Individual behavior that identifies a person who is engaging in behaviors that are
likely to transmit HIV, the AIDS virus. "Groups" per se are not at risk -- rather the
commonly-practiced behaviors of their individual members make them more susceptible
to be infected.
Autoimmune disease: A disease which arises from and is directed against an
individual's own tissue (a problem with transplants).
AZT: AZT, Retrovir and Zidovudine are the common names for the chemical 3'-
azidothymidine. It was the first drug on the market for AIDS. It was thought that AZT
might be the cure for AIDS-related diseases but the hopes were dashed at the 1993
International AIDS Conference in Berlin. AZT is neither as good as its manufacturer
claims, nor is it as bad as AIDS activists have alleged. In combination with other drugs
(see "cocktail"), it can be helpful in slowing the progress of HIV/AIDS. It definitely helps to
cut down on the transmission of perinatal AIDS.
B
B cells (B lymphocytes): One of the immune system's cell types; B cells fight infection
primarily by making antibodies. During the time of infection, these cells are transformed
into factories that make thousands of antibodies against the foreign antigen.
Behavior intervention/modification programs: Education programs designed to
change a specific behavior. Behavior modification generally does this by targeting a very
specific, observable behavior and then reinforce a series of small changes in behavior
until the desired behavior is established.
Bisexual: Having sex with both men and women. Many teens experiment with members
of the same sex out of curiosity.
C
CD4 (T4): The protein imbedded on the surface of T-helper cells to which HIV attaches
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