Webster's New World. Punctuation Simplifed and Applied, G.Woods (Wiley Publishing).pdf

PUNCTUATION

Simplified and Applied

Geraldine Woods

PUNCTUATION

Simplified and Applied

Geraldine Woods

For Kyra, the first of the next generation.

Webster’s New World ® Punctuation: Simplified and Applied

Published by Wiley, Hoboken, NJ

Published simultaneously in Canada

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

Woods, Geraldine.

Webster’s New World punctuation : simplified and applied / Geraldine Woods.

p. cm.

ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-9916-3 (isbn-13 : pbk.)

ISBN-10: 0-7645-9916-X (isbn-10 : pbk.)

1. English language—Punctuation—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I.Title.

PE1450.W66 2006

428.2—dc22

2005023688

Manufactured in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii

PART I: The Punctuation Marks

1 The Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

As an Endmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

In Parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

In Quotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

In Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

With an Ellipsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

In Lists and Slide Presentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

In Titles and Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

In Memos and E-mails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

In Web Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

In Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2 The Question Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

To Ask a Question . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

To Express Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

To Make a Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

In Quotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

In Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

3 The Exclamation Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

As an Endmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

In Quotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

In Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

In Parentheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

4 The Comma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

To Create a Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

In a Set of Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

To Set Off Nonessential Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

To Set Off Interrupters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

When Combining Two Complete Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . .50

To Indicate Direct Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

In Personal and Company Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

In Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

In Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

In Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

To Set Off Introductory Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

iii

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