American Voices How Dialects Differ from Coast to Coast.pdf

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American Voices

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AMERICAN VOICES

How Dialects Differ from

Coast to Coast

Edited by Walt Wolfram

and Ben Ward

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Editorial material and organization © 2006 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd

BLACKWELL PUBLISHING

350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA

9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK

550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia

The right of Walt Wolfram and Ben Ward to be identiﬁed as the Authors of

the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the

UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the

UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission

of the publisher.

First published 2006 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd

1

2006

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

American voices : how dialects differ from coast to coast / edited by Walt

Wolfram and Ben Ward.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-2108-8 (alk. paper)

ISBN-10: 1-4051-2108-4 (alk. paper)

ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-2109-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)

ISBN-10: 1-4051-2109-2 (pbk. : alk. paper)

1. English language —

Dialects —United States

2. English language —Variation— United

States.

3. English language — Dialects — Canada.

4. English language —

Dialects — Caribbean Area.

I. Wolfram, Walt, 1941–

II. Ward, Ben, 1962–

PE2841.A77 2006

427′.973 — dc22

2005017255

A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.

Set in 10.5/13pt Minion

by Graphicraft Typesetters Limited, Hong Kong

Printed and bound in the United Kingdom

by T J International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall

The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a

sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp

processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore,

the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met

acceptable environmental accreditation standards.

For further information on

Blackwell Publishing, visit our website:

www.blackwellpublishing.com

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Contents

List of Illustrations

ix

Preface

xi

1

Language Evolution or Dying Traditions?

The State of American Dialects

1

Walt Wolfram and Natalie Schilling-Estes

Part I The South

2

Sounds of the South

11

Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery

3

Deﬁning Appalachian English

17

Kirk Hazen and Ellen Fluharty

4

If These Hills Could Talk (Smoky Mountains)

22

Christine Mallinson, Becky Childs, Bridget Anderson,

and Neal Hutcheson

5

Doing the Charleston (South Carolina)

29

Maciej Baranowski

6

The Lone Star State of Speech (Texas)

36

Guy Bailey and Jan Tillery

7

Speaking the Big Easy (New Orleans, LA)

42

Connie Eble

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