Descartes - Meditations on First Philosophy.pdf - Kartezjusz - MKTK

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MEDITATIONS ON

FIRST PHILOSOPHY

March

1596 . He was educated at the Jesuit Collège de la Flèche in Anjou, and

at the University of Poitiers, where he took a Licenciate in Law in

1616 . Two years later he entered the army of Prince Maurice of

Nassau in Holland, and met a local schoolmaster, Isaac Beeckman,

who fostered his interest in mathematics and physics. After further

travels in Europe he settled in Paris in 1625 , and came into contact

with scientists, theologians, and philosophers in the circle of the

Minim friar Marin Mersenne. At the end of 1928 Descartes left for

Holland, which he made his home until 1648 ; he devoted himself to

carrying forward the mathematical, scienti ﬁ c, and philosophical

work he had begun in Paris. When he learned of the condemnation

of Galileo for heresy in 1633 , he abandoned his plans to publish a

treatise on physics, and under pressure from his friends consented

to have the Discourse on the Method printed, with three accompany-

ing essays on topics in which he had made discoveries. In 1641 his

Meditations appeared, setting out the metaphysical underpinnings of

his physical theories; these were accompanied by objections written

by contemporary philosophers, and Descartes’s replies to them.

His writings provoked controversy in both France and Holland,

where his scienti ﬁ c ideas were banned in one university; his works,

however (including the Principles of Philosophy of 1644 ) continued to

be published, and to bring him notoriety and renown. In 1648 he

accepted an invitation from Queen Christina of Sweden to settle in

Stockholm; it was there he died of pneumonia on 11 February 1650 .

M ichael M oriarty is Centenary Professor of French Literature

and Thought at Queen Mary, University of London. Among his

publications are Early Modern French Thought: The Age of Suspicion

( 2003 ) and Fallen Nature, Fallen Selves: Early Modern French

Thought II ( 2006 ).

ené

escartes

was born at La Haye near Tours on

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’

OXFORD WORLD’S CLASSICS

RENÉ DESCARTES

Meditations on

First Philosophy

With Selections from the

Objections and Replies

Translated with an Introduction and Notes by

MICHAEL MORIARTY

Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox 2 6dp

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Data available

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Descartes, René, 1596–1650.

[Meditationes de prima philosophia. English]

Meditations on first philosophy: with selections from the objections and replies/

René Descartes translated with an introduction and notes by Michael Moriarty.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978–0–19–280696–3

1. First philosophy. 2. God—Proof, Ontological. 3. Methodology. 4. Knowledge,

Theory of. I. Moriarty, Mike. II. Title.

B1853.E5M67 2008

194--dc22

2007044519

Typeset by Cepha Imaging Private Ltd., Bangalore, India

Printed in Great Britain by

Clays Ltd., St Ives plc

ISBN 978–0–19–280696–3

13579108642

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