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Ms. Hirayama, there is something I want to ask you. When I first came to Japan, I learned kore,

sore, are at a Japanese-language school. But recently, I have sensed that Japanese people use

these words differently from the way I learned. The more I think about it, the more I get confused

about how to use these words. I asked some Japanese friends to explain, but they said it was too

difficult to explain clearly. Could you help me?

Today, I'll start with the basics. In general, when students learn kore, sore, are ,

they are taught about the relationship between speaker and recipient. However, this

explanation can be ambiguous and very confusing. So, I have devised a simple method to

make the distinction clear. In Vol. 71, I ll explain more abstract and advanced usage of

these words.

膟

Shopping

膟

Now we understand what kore, sore, are mean, lets apply that knowledge!

Customer: Excuse me, may I take a look at that?

just as it is

1.

花苌苜苜

芻苌苜苜

sono mama

芠苌苜苜

ano mama

芷芢苜芹英

suimasen

over there

販芹苄覺芳芢腂

misete kudasai

kono mama

" are/ achira "

is used for

things far away.

Clerk: Is this it?

2.

she touches

苅芷芩腈

desu ka?

(Leave

that alone)

Customer: No, thats not it!

3.

(Leave this

alone)

(Leave it alone)

芢芢芦腁腀腀腀腀腀腀腀芶苡苈芢苅芷腂

iie janai desu

you cannot

touch

That one!

To Ms. Takeda

閐鍣芳英苖腀腀

Takeda-san e

4.

苅芷腂

desu

over there

I had to go on urgent business. 譽靰苅芿若苁苆软芩芯苜芷腂

ky - y - de chotto dekakemasu

Since I've not finished my work, 苜芾蹤躖苌鍲銆苅芷芩苧

mada shigoto no toch - desu kara

" sore/sochira "

is used for

things nearby but

out of reach.

膟

Useful phrase for shopping

Do you have a cheaper/bigger one than this?

please don't touch anything

on my desk.

諷苌迣苍腀腀腀腀腀腀腀腀苉芵苄芨芢苄覺芳芢腂

tsukue no ue wa ni shite oite kudasai

5.

A

苦苨裀芢腞釥芫芢苌芠苨苜芷芩腈

yori yasui / - k - no arimasu ka?

you touch

On the phone

Do you have it in different color?

Mr. A : We are having a party tonight, and wed like you to come.

6.

趡铓荰腛荥荂腛芪芠苩苌苅鞈苄覺芳芢腂

konban party ga aru node kite kudasai

you cannot

touch

苌遆裡芢芠苨苜芷芩腈

no iro chigai arimasu ka?

Miss. B : Gee... I wish I could, but ... I haven't got anything to wear....

Could you wrap this one and this one separately?

芦芦腣苅苠腣閞芪腣

ee........demo ......fuku ga.......

7.

you touch

苆腀腀腀腀腀

to

you touch

Mr. A : Its just friends, so just bring yourself.

銇諔鏠芾芯苈苌苅腀腀腀腀腀腀腀腀苅苇芤芼腂

nakamauchi dake nanode de d - zo

B

闊腘苉闯英苅覺芳芢腂

betsubetsu ni tsutsunde kudasai

Miss. B : Is that so? In that case, I'll come just like this.

This has nothing to do with the relationship

芻芤苅芷芩腈芶苡芠覓鞶苈芭腀腀腀腀腀苅蹦芢苜芷腂

s - desu ka? jaa enryo naku de ukagaimasu

Answers

C

1 - are 2 - kore 3 - sore 4 - are 5 - kore 6 - sore

7 - kore / kore

Answers

A - kono mama B - sono mama C - kono mama

With cooperation from Yasuhiro Koga

Copyright 2006 The Yomiuri Shimbun

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