Thayer J., H., Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, T. 2.pdf

T HE AGES D IGITAL L IBRARY

REFERENCE

Thayer’s Greek-English

Lexicon

Volume 2 -

Lambda-Omega

By Joseph Thayer

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{2975} lagcanw : 2 aorist elacon ;

Luke 1:9 (cf. Buttmann, 269 (231); Winer’s Grammar, 319 (299)); “to

receive by divine allotment, obtain”: ti , <440117> Acts 1:17; <610101> 2 Peter 1:1; on

the construction of this verb with the genitive and accusative of the thing,

see Matthiae, sec. 328; Winer’s Grammar, 200 (188); (cf. Buttmann, sec.

132, 8).

2. “to cast lots, determine by lot” (Isocrates, p. 144 b.; Diodorus 4, 63 (cf.

ps.-Demosthenes in middle, p. 510, 26)): peri tinov , <431924> John 19:24.*

{2976} Lazarov , Lazarou , oJ (rabb. rz;[]læ , apparently the same as

rz,[;l]a, , whom God helps (cf. Philo, quis haeres sec. 12); according to

others, equivalent to alo rz,[, , without help), “Lazarus”;

1. an inhabitant of Bethany, beloved by Christ and raised from the dead by

him: <431101> John 11:1ff 43; 12:1f,9f,17.

2. an imaginary person, extremely poor and wretched: <421620> Luke 16:20, 23-

25.*

{2977} laqra (so R G T Tr) (in Homer laqrh , from lanqanw ,

laqein ), and L (WH K C (see the latter’s Praef., p. 12: and under the

word eikh )) laqra (from laqrov , laqra , laqron , cf. Passow

(especially Liddell and Scott), under the word; Winer’s Grammar, 47;

Buttmann, 69 (61)), adverb “secretly”: <400119> Matthew 1:19; 2:7; <431128> John

11:28; <441637> Acts 16:37. (From Homer down; the Septuagint.)*

{2978} lailay ((L T Tr WH) not lailay (Griesbach), cf. Winer’s

Grammar, sec. 6, 1 e.; Lipsius, Grammat. Untersuch., p. 37f; (Chandler

sec. 620; Tdf. Proleg., p. 101)), lailapov , hJ (masculine in a * <410437> Mark

4:37; cf. Thomas Magister, Ritschl edition, p. 226, 4), “a whirlwind,

tempestuous wind”: <610217> 2 Peter 2:17; lailay anemou (cf. German

Sturmwind ; anemov sun lailapi pollh , Homer, Iliad 17, 57), a violent

attack of wind (A.V. “a storm of wind”), a squall ((see below)), <410437> Mark

4:37; <420823> Luke 8:23. (The Septuagint, <182118> Job 21:18; 38:1; Sap. 5:15,24;

Sir. 48:9.) (According to Schmidt (chapter 55 sec. 13), lailay is never a

1. “to obtain by lot” (from Homer down): with the genitive of the thing,

<420109>

single gust, nor a steadily blowing wind, however violent; but a storm

breaking forth from black thunder-clouds in furious gusts, with floods of

rain, and throwing everything topsy-turvy; according to Aristotle, de

mund. 4, p. 395{a}, 7 it is ‘a whirlwind revolving from below upward.’)*

{2997} LAKW and lakew , see laskw .

{2979} laktizw ; (from adverb lax , with the heel); (fr. Homer down);

“to kick, strike with the heel”: <442614> Acts 26:14, and Rec. in 9:5; see

kentron , 2.*

{2980} lalew , lalw ; imperfect 3 person singular elalei , plural

elaloun ; future lalhsw ; 1 aorist elalhsa ; perfect lelalhka ; passive,

present laloumai ; perfect lelalhmai ; 1 aorist elalhqhn ; 1 future

lalhqhsomai : (from Sophocles down); found in Biblical Greek much

more frequent than in secular authors, in the Septuagint times without

number for rBeDi or rB,Di , more rarely for rmæa; ; properly, “to utter a

sound” (cf. (onomatop. “la-la,” etc.) German lallen ), “to emit a voice make

oneself heard”; hence “to utter or form words with the mouth, to speak,”

having reference to the sound and pronunciation of the words and in

general the form of what is uttered. while lego refers to the meaning and

substance of what is spoken; hence lalein is employed not only of men,

especially when “chatting and prattling,” but also of animals (of birds,

Mosch. 3, 47; of locusts, Theocritus, 5, 34; lalousi men , ou frazousi

de , of dogs and apes, Plutarch, mor. ii., p. 909 a.), and so of inanimate

things (as trees, Theocritus, 27, 56 (57); of an echo, Dio C. 74, 21, 14).

Accordingly, everything legomenon is also laloumenon , but not

everything laloumenon is also legomenon (Eupolis in Plutarch, Alc. 13

lalein aristov , adunatwtatov legein ); (the difference between the

words is evident where they occur in proximity, e.g. <450319> Romans 3:19 oJsa

oJ nomov legei , toiv en tw nomw lalei , and the very common

elalhsen ... legwn , <401303> Matthew 13:3, etc.). Moreover, the primary

meaning of lalein , “to utter oneself,” enables us easily to understand its

very frequent use in the sacred writers to denote the utterances by which G

o d indicates or gives proof of his mind and will, whether immediately or

through the instrumentality of his messengers and heralds. (Perhaps this

use may account in part for the fact that, though in classic Greek lalein is

the term for light and familiar speech, and so assumes readily a disparaging

notion: in Biblical Greek it is nearly not quite free from any such

suggestion.) Cf. Day. Schulz die Geistesgaben der ersten Christen, p. 94ff;

Tittmann de Synonymis N.T., p. 79f; Trench, Synonyms, sec. lxxvi.; (and

on classical usage Schmidt, Syn. 1:1). But let us look at the N.T. usage in

detail:

1. “to utter a voice, emit a sound”: of things inanimate, as brontai ,

<661004>

Revelation 10:4; with tav eJautwn fwnav added, each thunder uttered

its particular voice (the force and meaning of which the prophet

understood, cf. <431228> John 12:28f); <431203> John 12:3; salpiggov laloushv

met ’ emou , legwn (Rec. legousa ) followed by direct discourse

<660401>

Revelation 4:1; of the expiatory blood of Christ, metaphorically, “to

crave the pardon of sins,” <581224> Hebrews 12:24; of the murdered Abel, long

since dead, equivalent to “to call for vengeance” (see <010410> Genesis 4:10, and

cf. krazw , 1 at the end), <581104> Hebrews 11:4 according to the true reading

lalei ; (G L T Tr WH; the Rec. laleitai must be taken as passive, in the

exceptional sense “to be talked of, lauded”; see below, 5 at the end

( pragma kat ’ agoran laloumenon , Aristophanes Thesm. 578, cf.

pantev authn lalousin , Alciphro fragment 5, ii., p. 222, 10 edition

Wagner)).

2. “to speak, i.e. to use the tongue or the faculty of speech; to utter

articulate sounds”: absolutely <461411> 1 Corinthians 14:11; of the dumb,

receiving the power of speech, <400933> Matthew 9:33; 12:22; 15:31; <421114> Luke

11:14; <661315> Revelation 13:15; ( touv (T Tr WH omit)) alalouv lalein ,

<410737>

Mark 7:37; elalei orqwv , <410735> Mark 7:35; of a deaf-mute man, mh

dunamenov lalhsai , <420120> Luke 1:20 (of idols, stoma ecousi kai ou

lalhsousi , <19B301> Psalm 113:13 ( <19B505> Psalm 115:5); 134:16; cf. 3 Macc.

4:16); “to speak, i.e. not to be silent,” opposed to holding one’s peace,

lalei kai mh siwphshv , <441809> Acts 18:9; opposed to hearing, <590119> James

1:19; opposed to the soul’s inner experiences, <470413> 2 Corinthians 4:13 from

<19B501>

Psalm 115:1 ( <19B610> Psalm 116:10); opposed to poiein (as logov to

ergon which see 3), <590212> James 2:12.

3. “to talk”; of the sound and outward form of speech: th idia dialektw ,

<440206>

Acts 2:6; eJteraiv kainaiv glwssaiv , <440204> Acts 2:4; <411617> Mark 16:17

(here Tr text WH text omit kainaiv ), from which the simple glwssaiv

lalein , and the like, are to be distinguished, see glwssa , 2.

4. “to utter, tell”: with the accusative of the thing, <471204> 2 Corinthians 12:4.

Numbers 12:8); eiv aera lalein , <461409> 1 Corinthians 14:9; ek tou

perisseumatov thv kardiav to stwma lalei , out of the abundance of

the heart the mouth speaketh, namely, so that it expresses the soul’s

thoughts, <401234> Matthew 12:34; <420645> Luke 6:45; ek twn idiwn lalein , to

utter words in accordance with one’s inner character, <430844> John 8:44. with

the accusative of the thing: ti lalhsw , lalhshte , etc., what I shall utter

in speech, etc., <431250> John 12:50; <401019> Matthew 10:19; <410906> Mark 9:6 (here T Tr

WH apokriqh ); 13:11; ti , anything, <411123> Mark 11:23 L T Tr text WH;

<451518>

Romans 15:18; <520108> 1 Thessalonians 1:8; ouk oidamen ti lalei , what

he says, i.e. what the words uttered by him mean (WH brackets ti lalei ),

<431618>

John 16:18; tauta , these words, <422436> Luke 24:36; <430830> John 8:30;

17:1,13; <460908> 1 Corinthians 9:8; to laloumenon , <461409> 1 Corinthians 14:9;

plural <441614> Acts 16:14 (of the words of a teacher); ton logon laloumenon ,

<410536>

Mark 5:36 (see Buttmann, 302 (259) note); logouv , <461419> 1 Corinthians

14:19; rhmata , <430820> John 8:20; <441044> Acts 10:44; parabolhn , <401333> Matthew

13:33; blasfhmiav , <410207> Mark 2:7 (L T Tr WH blasfhmei ); <420521> Luke

5:21; rhmata blasfhma eiv tina , <440611> Acts 6:11; rhmata (Rec. adds

blasfhma ) kata tinov , <440613> Acts 6:13; sklhra kata tinov , <650115> Jude

1:15; uJperogka , <650116> Jude 1:16 (Daniel (Theodotion) 11:36); ta mh

deonta , <540513> 1 Timothy 5:13 ( aJ mh qemiv , 2 Macc. 12:14; eiv tina ta mh

kaqhkonta , 3 Macc. 4:16; (cf. Winer’s Grammar, 480 (448)));

diestrammena , <442030> Acts 20:30; to yeudov , <430844> John 8:44; dolon , <600310> 1

Peter 3:10 from <193314> Psalm 33:14 ( <193414> Psalm 34:14); agaqa , <401231> Matthew

12:31; sofian , <460206> 1 Corinthians 2:6f; musthria ; <461402> 1 Corinthians 14:2;

followed by oJti (equivalent to peri toutou , oJti etc. “to speak of this,”

viz. “that they knew him” (see oJti , I. 2 under the end)), <410134> Mark 1:34;

<420441>

Luke 4:41; contrary to classic usage, followed by direct discourse,

Mark 14:31 L text T Tr WH; <580505> Hebrews 5:5; 11:18, (but in these last

two passages of the utterances of God); more correctly elsewhere

elalhse legwn (in imitation of Hebrew rBeDi rmoalæ (cf. above (at the

beginning))), followed by direct discourse: <401427> Matthew 14:27; 23:1; 28:18;

<430812>

John 8:12; <440826> Acts 8:26; 26:31; 28:25; <661701> Revelation 17:1; 21:9;

5. “to use words in order to declare one’s mind and disclose one’s

thoughts; to speak”: absolutely, eti autou lalountov , <401246> Matthew

12:46; 17:5; 26:47; <410535> Mark 5:35; 14:43; <420849> Luke 8:49; 22:47, 60; with

the adverbs kakwv , kalwv , <431823> John 18:23; wJv nhpiov elaloun , <461311> 1

Corinthians 13:11; wJv drakwn , <661311> Revelation 13:11; stoma prov stoma ,

face to face (German mündlich ), <630112> 2 John 1:12 (after the Hebrew of

<041208>

<411431>

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