Macromedia Flash 5 - ActionScript Reference Guide.pdf

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ActionScript Reference Guide
FLASH ™ 5
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Part Number ZFL50M200
Acknowledgments
Project Management: Erick Vera
Writing: Jody Bleyle, Mary Burger, Louis Dobrozensky, Stephanie Gowin, Marcelle Taylor, and Judy Walthers Von Alten
Editing: Peter Fenczik, Rosana Francescato, Ann Szabla
Multimedia: George Brown, John “Zippy” Lehnus, and Noah Zilberberg
Print and Help Design: Chris Basmajian and Noah Zilberberg
Production: Chris Basmajian and Rebecca Godbois
Special thanks: Jeremy Clark, Brian Dister and the entire Flash Development team, Margaret Dumas, Kipling Inscore,
Alyn Kelley and the entire Flash QA team, Pete Santangeli, Cyn Taylor, and Eric Wittman
First Edition: July 2000
Macromedia, Inc.
600 Townsend St.
San Francisco, CA 94103
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
What’s new in Flash 5 ActionScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Using Flash Help for actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
CHAPTER 1
Understanding ActionScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
About scripting in ActionScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ActionScript terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Deconstructing a sample script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Using the Actions panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Assigning actions to objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Assigning actions to frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
CHAPTER 2
Writing Scripts with ActionScript. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Using ActionScript’s syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
About data types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
About variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Using operators to manipulate values in expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Using actions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Controlling flow in scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Using predefined functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Creating custom functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Using predefined objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Using custom objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Opening Flash 4 files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Using Flash 5 to create Flash 4 content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
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CHAPTER 3
Creating Interaction with ActionScript . . . . . . . . . . .79
Creating a custom cursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Getting the mouse position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Capturing keypresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Creating a scrolling text field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Setting color values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Creating sound controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Detecting collisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
CHAPTER 4
Working with Movie Clips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
About multiple Timelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Using actions and methods to control Timelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Creating smart clips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
CHAPTER 5
Integrating Flash with Web Applications. . . . . . . .125
Sending and loading variables to and from a remote file . . . . . . . . . . .126
Creating forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Sending messages to and from the Flash Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
CHAPTER 6
Troubleshooting ActionScript. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
Authoring and troubleshooting guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
Using the Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Using the Output window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
CHAPTER 7
ActionScript Dictionary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Sample entry for most ActionScript elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158
Sample entry for objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Contents of the dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
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Contents
APPENDIX A
Operator Precedence and Associativity. . . . . . . . .431
APPENDIX B
Keyboard Keys and Key Code Values . . . . . . . . . 435
Letters A to Z and standard numbers 0 to 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435
Keys on the numeric keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437
Function keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .438
Other keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439
APPENDIX C
Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .441
INDEX
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
Contents
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