2012-02.PDF

PATTON’S FIRST VICTORY: BEATING ROMMEL’S NAZIS IN AFRICA

AMERICA IN

MARLENE DIETRICH,

SECRET WEAPON

WWII

Hitler’s Boys the Blues

The Magazine Of A People At War 1941–1945

RED TAILS

CHIEF

Rattles Nazi

Fighter Pilots

And US Army Brass

CRASH COURSE

To Train 250,000 Pilots—Fast

February 2012

$5.99

Lauren Bacall Reveals

The Secret Behind ‘The Look’

0 74470 01971 8

Birthplace of the Bomb A A Sailor’s Holiday...on Mogmog

Display until February 14, 2012

www.AmericaInWWII.com

IN THEIR FOOTSTEPS

EXPERIENCE WWII HISTORY RIGHT WHERE IT HAPPENED

Planned and escorted by WWII experts, The National WWII Museum’s

Five Star Tours offer unmatched travel and educational experiences.

Travel with a WWII Veteran Led by best-selling authors Alex Kershaw & Robert Edsel

Custom-designed Itineraries Exclusive Access VIP Treatment Team of Experts

INVASION OF NORMANDY

June 1 – 8, 2012

London • Paris • Normandy

Join best-selling author Alex Kershaw for a

behind-the-scenes tour of Churchill’s Cabinet

War Rooms; private access to Brecourt Manor,

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the bridge at Remagen, and enjoy behind the

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September 14 – 23, 2012

France • Germany • Netherlands • Austria

Join Monuments Men author & historian Robert Edsel on

the paths of the heroes who rescued Europe’s priceless

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Man Harry Ettlinger! Visit the Louvre Museum, secret

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retreat, the Eagle’s Nest at Berchtesgaden.

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AMERICA IN

WWII

February 2012 • Volume Seven • Number Five

F E A T U R E S

26 RED TAILS CHIEF

Colonel Ben Davis, Jr., leader of the Tuskegee Airmen—a.k.a. the Red Tails—fought Nazis in the air.

On the ground, he fought the US Army’s brass. By Eric Ethier

32 PATTON’S FIRST VICTORY

US troops got hammered at Tunisia’s Kasserine Pass. But at El Guettar, General George Patton

proved his men were a match for the best Nazi troops in the desert. By Éric Grenier

42 CRASH COURSE

The US military purchased a quarter-million warplanes during the war. That was relatively easy.

The hard—and dangerous—part was training enough pilots to fly them. By Drew Ames

50 MARLENE DIETRICH, SECRET WEAPON

German-born movie star Marlene Dietrich unleashed her sultry voice on Hitler’s boys in uniform,

giving them the blues with her radio broadcasts. By John E. Stanchak

2012 ANNUAL WWII TRAVEL PLANNER A Special Advertising Section A Pages 19–24

d e p a r t m e n t s

2 KILROY 4 V-MAIL 6 I WAS THERE: A Sailor’s Holiday…on Mogmog 14 LANDINGS: Los Alamos,

Birthplace of the Bomb 16 WAR STORIES 18 HOME FRONT: Johnny Reb and GI Joe 25 PINUP: Lauren Bacall

56 BOOKS AND MEDIA 57 FLASHBACK 60 THEATER OF WAR: Back to Bataan

62 78 RPM: Drummer Gene Krupa 63 WWII EVENTS 64 GIs: Aide to the Ship’s Surgeon

COVER SHOT: Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., looks to the sky. As commander of the Tuskegee Airmen—America’s first African American

air combat unit—he would prove to the world that he and his men belonged in that sky as much as any white pilots. To do that,

he had to fight not only the enemy, but the brass in his own army. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

AMERICA IN

WWII

KI LROY

WAS HERE

January–February 2012

Volume Seven • Number Five

www.AmericaInWWII.com

PUBLISHER

James P. Kushlan, publisher@americainwwii.com

EDITOR

Carl Zebrowski, editor@americainwwii.com

ASSISTANT EDITOR

Terry W. Burger

ART & DESIGN DIRECTOR

Jeffrey L. King

ASSISTANT GRAPHIC ARTIST

Victoria Brobst

CARTOGRAPHER

David Deis, Dreamline Cartography

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS

Eric Ethier • Tom Huntington

Brian John Murphy • Joe Razes

EDITORIAL ASSISTANT

Gabrielle R. Kushlan

ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT

Madeleine C. Kushlan

EDITORIAL OFFICES

PO Box 4175, Harrisburg, PA 17111-0175

717-564-0161 (phone and fax)

ADVERTISING

Sales Representative

Marsha Blessing

717-731-1405, mblessing@americainwwii.com

Ad Management & Production

Ginny Stimmel

717-652-0414, gstimmel@americainwwii.com

CIRCULATION

Circulation and Marketing Director

Heidi Kushlan

717-564-0161, hkushlan@americainwwii.com

A Publication of 310 PUBLISHING, LLC

CEO Heidi Kushlan

EDITORIAL DIRECTOR James P. Kushlan

AMERICA IN WWII (ISSN 1554-5296) is published

bimonthly by 310 Publishing LLC, 310 Kelso Street,

Harrisburg, PA 17111-1825. Periodicals postage paid

at Harrisburg, PA.

SUBSCRIPTION RATE: One year (six issues) $29.95;

outside the U.S., $41.95 in U.S. funds. Customer service:

call toll-free 866-525-1945 (U.S. & Canada), or write

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POSTMASTER: SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO AMERICA

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reserved. No part of this issue may be reproduced by any

means without prior written permission of the publisher.

Address letters, War Stories, and GIs correspondence to:

Editor, AMERICA IN WWII , PO Box 4175, Harrisburg,

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The Hand-Off

A DEADLY GAME OF CHESS . Upon entering the field of historical magazine publishing

and surveying what I found in print about war, that was the image that came to mind.

A general sat down at a table with a plan and adjusted it as his opponent across from

him responded to his moves. Lost pieces lay by the wayside. A winner was declared.

I thought I’d be counting my career in historical publishing in months rather than years.

That was two decades ago. I would never have made it this far if I hadn’t realized

early on that not all writers turned battles into chess matches. Only the bad ones did.

I remember meeting James I. Robertson, Jr., history professor at Virginia Tech, at a

conference on the Civil War. The encounter was brief, memorable to only one of the

two participants. Robertson was wearing a three-piece suit and had an air of refinement

and gentlemanliness that made me think of Robert E. Lee. He was the author of the

definitive biography of Stonewall Jackson. I recall picking that book up one day

expecting a read like eating sawdust. It was anything but.

Robertson had studied under Bell Irvin Wiley at Emory University in the fifties. As I

write in this issue’s Home Front column, Wiley was the author of The Life of Johnny

Reb (1943), a study of common soldiers, colored with turns of phrase penned by the

men themselves. Robertson, in constructing his life of Stonewall Jackson, wasn’t telling

a story of the common soldier—Thomas J. Jackson was certainly not common—but he

was using his own talents and unique perspective, honed by what he’d learned at the

knee of his mentor, to create a nuanced portrait of a real human being. This was

different from the history I remembered from school, the history that persuaded me

to avoid the subject in college as adamantly as quantum physics.

All this comes to mind as I take over the job of editor of America in WWII . It’s time for

me to draw more than ever on my own abilities, as molded by my own mentors, to meet

the challenge of telling the stories of real people. If you’ve been reading America in

WWII for a while, you know these mentors: John E. Stanchak and James P. Kushlan.

Stanchak, a past editor of Civil War Times Illustrated (where Kushlan and I worked),

regularly lends America in WWII his sweeping range of knowledge and novelist’s facility

with language. (You can read his “Marlene Dietrich, Secret Weapon” in this issue.)

Jim Kushlan, well, longtime readers of this magazine know Kushlan, the founder of this

magazine who just passed the mantle of editorship to me. You’ve read his insights in

this space for six years and have felt and will continue to feel his influence on the

magazine as he focuses on his duties as publisher.

My goal is to continue striving to approach the standards set by my mentors. James I.

Robertson did pretty well in that quest. I can only hope for the same.

Carl Zebrowski

Editor, America in WWII

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