Танк ИС-2М - IS 2.pdf - IS 2^WaPo - kamilss18

Photography, writing,

design, layout, etc.

indicated, all photographs and other illustra-

by Jakko Westerbeke.

This document may be freely distributed, on the

following conditions: that no changes or modifica-

tions are made to the document in any way; and

that no profit is made off the distribution.

Jakko Westerbeke < jakko@xs4all.nl >

http://www.xs4all.nl/~gurth/afv

Other images

Front cover photograph from unknown source,

via Tank Data 2 (E.J. Hoffschmidt & W.H.

Tantum IV, editors, WE Inc., 1969).

IS-2M drawings on page 5 from unknown

Russian publication, via Tank Data 3 (Harold E.

Johnson, WE Inc., 1972).

Degtyarev 1938/46 and DTM photographs on

page 4 from Military Small Arms of the 20th

Century (Ian V. Hogg & John Weeks, Arms &

Armour Press, 1977).

Page icon taken from one of KDE 3.0s icon sets.

Thanks to

Marc Tempels for measuring the DML, Tamiya

and Trumpeter IS-2 and IS-3 kit roadwheels.

Technical stuff

The photographs in this net.book were taken

using a Fujifilm 6900Zoom digital camera, while

the computer graphics were created with

POV-Ray 3.5 and the KPovModeler 0.20 front-end

for it. The document was laid out in Palatino

Linotype and Futura XBlk BT using

QuarkXPress 4.1 for Windows. The PDF was creat-

ed with Adobe Acrobat Distiller 3.01 and edited

with Adobe Acrobat Exchange 3.0.

Printing tips (read this first)

the printer, the following points are what you need

to pay attention to:

This document is designed to be printed double-

sided, with the even pages going on the backs of

the odd ones. It is for this reason that the photo-

graphs on the odd pages, while their captions are

on the even pages: printing out a large graphic on

both sides of a sheet of ordinary printing paper is

likely to cause the paper to ripple, which is avoid-

ed this way.

To print double-sided, you most likely will need to

print out the odd pages first, then put them back into

your printer to print the even pages. You can select

which pages to print in the Print dialog that appears

when you choose to print out the document.

Printing double-sided will require a bit of experi-

mentation to make sure you get it right, but

because of the many different types of printer in

use, no definite, all-encompassing instructions can

be given here.

When figuring out how to put the paper back into

The side of the paper the printer prints on;

The papers orientation in the printer (to which

side the top of the page points);

Whether the pages should go in with the first

page on the top or on the bottom of the stack.

Should you have access to a printer that can print

double-sided as standard, just switch on that

option and print the whole document in one go.

If you print to A4 paper (that is, if you live out-

side of North America), you should not have your

PDF viewer resize the page to fit the paper, unless

you notice a problem with parts of the photos or

text disappearing in the margins.

For those using Letter-size paper, you should set

your PDF viewer fit the page to the paper size, else

you will probably miss the bottoms of most pages.

Joseph Stalin

IS-2M

The IS-series of tanks was developed in the Soviet

Union during 1943, as a further development of the

earlier KV-series of heavy tanks. It went into pro-

duction in January 1944 and first saw action

against German forces in the spring of that year.

Later in 1944, the design was modified in a num-

ber of ways to simplify manufacture and rectify

some minor defects, producing the IS-2 model

1944. After World War II, these soldiered on for

some years beside the newly-designed IS-3, until in

1954 a program was begun to upgrade the IS-2

tanks to more modern standards.

The rebuilt tank was known as the IS-2M, and

featured a large number of improvements and

modifications. Although replaced in front-line

service by more modern types, these vehicles

remained in use for a number of years afterward.

The turret had no basket, so the loader had to

stand on the floor and walk along with the turret

when it rotated. The commander and gunner had

seats that rotated with the turret, however.

Although the IS-2s internal fuel tanks held 520

liters of diesel, which gave it a maximum range of

some 250 km. Even in World War II, most

IS-2s carried two extra, external drums on

each side of the engine compartment with a

total of 300 liters additional fuel. The IS-2M

could also carry two more, 200-liter drums on the

rear of the hull, in the location otherwise used to

mount smoke generators, which were also cylin-

drical but much smaller than the fuel drums.

None of these external tanks were hooked up to

the vehicles fuel system, however, so that their

contents had to be pumped into the main tanks by

hand when those were empty.

Layout

The IS-2 had a conventional layout for a late- or

post-World War II tank. The lower hull was con-

structed principally from welded steel plates, with

a cast nose and glacis section welded on. The upper

hull, above the track guards to about halfway

down the length of the vehicle, was also a cast sec-

tion. The rear hull plate was sloped, and bolted

into place so that it could be removed for access to

the engine. The turret was almost entirely of cast

construction, with a separate, cast front and a steel

plate roof both welded on. Armour thickness var-

ied from 20 mm on the floor to 110 mm on the gun

mantlet, though the glacis was protected with

105 mm of armour at 60° to give an effective

armour thickness of over 200 mm.

The driver was seated at the front of the

hull, in the center without a bow machine

gunner beside him. There was no drivers

hatch, though the driver did have a vision

slot as well as one fixed and two rotating

periscopes for observation.

The turret crew consisted of

the commander and gunner

on the left of the turret, and

the loader on the right. The

commander had a cupola on the left

of the turret roof, with a simple, for-

ward-opening loaders hatch beside

it. The cupola had six vision slots

and a rotating periscope, the latter

fitted into one of the two semi-circu-

lar hatches that opened fore and aft.

Drive train

All versions of the IS-2 were powered by a 12-

cylinder diesel engine located in the rear of the

tank, of type V-54K-IS in the IS-2M that produced

about 380 kW. The engine drove the track

through a rear-mounted sprocket.

The suspension consisted of six, double

roadwheels on each side of the hull, carried

on torsion bars. The wheels were similar to

those on the earlier KV-series of tanks, being made

entirely from steel without rubber tyres, but in the

IS-2M upgrade had the number of bolts increased

to ten per wheel hub (other models of IS-2 had only

five). The front-mounted idler wheel was identical

to the roadwheels, but was unsprungthough it

did have a device to adjust track tension with. Each

side of the tank also had three return rollers, small-

er than the roadwheels but also made completely

from steel.

3 -

Basic data

The 65-cm-wide tracks

were entirely cast from

steel, and were of the so-

called dead typemean-

ing they sag down over the return

rollers in the top run. Unlike in the

KV, which used tracks with two dif-

ferent types of link (with and with-

out central guide tooth), the IS-2M

was normally fitted with tracks that

had onl one type of link. 87 to 90

links made up each track.

Length 9.83 m (incl. gun)

Width 3.07 m

Height 2.74 m

Weight 46,300 kg

Speed 37 km/h

Range 150 km

Crew Commander,

driver, gunner,

loader

1 -

2 -

IS-2M

Armament

Weapon data

Service

The IS-2s main

armament was pow-

erful for its time, in

part to combat

German heavy ar-

mour, but principal-

ly because of the

IS-2s wartime role

of an infantry-sup-

port tank.

The main gun was a

D-25T weapon of 122 mm caliber with a rifled bore,

which was derived from the A-19 field gun by fit-

ting a different type of breech that per-

mitted quicker reloading. The gun had a

double-baffle muzzle brake to reduce

recoil, and fired ammunition with

separate projectiles and propel-

lant charges, making for a

relatively slow rate of fire

compared to other tank

guns of its time. 35 rounds

of ammunition (and propel-

lant charges) were carried,

seven more than the IS-2. Most of

these were stowed in the rear of the turret and on

the floor of the hull, underneath the turret.

Secondary armament consisted of a 7.62×54 mm

DTM machine gun coaxially to the main gun, on

the right. The IS-2 had a second DT in a ball mount

in the turret rear wall, but on the IS-2M this was

replaced by a ventilator. The IS-2 also carried a DT

machine gun fixed in the right side of the hull,

operated by the driver and firing forward, but it is

not clear if this weapon was retained in the

upgrade to IS-2M standards.

A 12.7×108 mm Degtyarev 1938/46 machine gun¹

could be mounted on the commanders cupola,

with 360° traverse.

The amount of machine gun ammunition carried

appears to be unsure. Some sources indicate 350

rounds of 12.7 mm and 3,024 round of 7.62 mm,

while others say 250 and 2,330 rounds, respective-

lyalthough both figures for 7.62 mm ammuni-

tion seem odd because the DTM was fed from a 60-

round drum magazine, and neither 2,330 nor 3,024

is divisible by 60 (or by 47, which is the number of

rounds in the magazine of the DP infantry machine

gun, from which the DTM was derived)

Degtyarev

DTM 38/46 D-25T

Caliber 7.62×54 mm R 12.7×108 mm 122 mm

Overall length 118 cm

By the late 1950s

and early 60s, in

Soviet service the

IS-2 was deployed

only with second-

line units, as the

vehicle had been

replaced in front-line

service first by the

IS-3 and then the

T-10 heavy tanks. As

such, it probably never saw

combat, and likely spent more

time in tank depots than in

active service.

By the 1970s, many IS-2 tanks had

been given a new role: dug into the

ground near the Russian-Chinese border, as

cheap and powerfully-armed bunkers to repel

a possible Chinese invasion. Many other elderly

heavy tanks, again IS-3s and T-10s, suffered the

same fate.

Both Cuba and North Korea were provided with

IS-2 tanks in the 1960s; it is not known if these

were IS-2M variants, but given the date, this

seems a likely proposition. The IS-2M does not

otherwise appear to have been exported from the

Soviet Union.

unknown

Barrel length 59.7 cm

107 cm

525 cm

Empty weight 12.9 kg

35.7 kg

2,588 kg

Rate of fire 600 rpm

575 rpm

2½ rpm

Magazine 60-round pan Belt

Operation Gas

Gas

Effective range 800 m

2,000 m

14,200 m

Degtyarev

1938/46

DTM

Colours & markings

Soviet vehicles are not known for their colourful

markings or intricate paint schemes, and the IS-2M

was no different. These tanks were usually painted

overall Russian green with perhaps some markings

such as turret numbers, but that is about it.

The inside of the muzzle brake was an

orange-red colour. The reason for this is

unknown, but it could also be seen on

vehicles other than IS-2Ms during combat

operations, such as the invasion of Czecho-

slovakia in 1968.

The photos

The picture series starting on page 6 shows the

IS-2M in the collection of the Imperial War

Museum Duxford, in the UK. It is an intact vehicle

that was delivered direct from Russia in exchange

for a Conqueror heavy tank in 1988, and is dis-

played in a World War II setting (obviously incor-

rect for a 1950s tank) in the Land Warfare hall at

Duxford airfield.

¹ Often mistakenly called a DShK, which is only correct

for the World War II version of this weapon.

159 cm

3 -

IS-2M

Modelling the IS-2M

Also note that the Dragon kit is inaccurate in

some of its dimensions, most notably the road-

wheel diameter and the lower hull height. The lat-

ter can be fixed by adding about 1 mm to its top

edge before fitting the upper hull, while replacing

the roadwheels by those from Trumpeter changes

the wheels from being too small, to being too large

(but not by as muchthe Dragon wheels are

14.9 mm and the Trumpeter ones are 16.0 mm,

while they should be 15.7 mm; those in Tamiyas

IS-3 are correct in diameter but need five bolts

added to be correct for the IS-2M).

The Dragon kit represents a tank produced at the

UZTM factory, with a sharper glacis plate than the

Duxford vehicle has, but photos show that UZTM-

produced IS-2s were also upgraded to IS-2M, so

the hull front does not need to be changed.

The rear-hull fuel drums are probably the same as

on other Russian tanks, so a spare set from a T-55,

T-62 or T-72 kit will come in handy. They need to

be fitted to completely different cradles than on

those tanks, however. Other bits that could be

taken from these kits are fittings such as night driv-

ing lights and similar small details.

In all, building an IS-2M model is mainly a mat-

ter of changing details on the base kit, not of major

conversion work. As such, it is not difficult but

does benefit from a well-stocked spares box.

Although several kits of IS-2

tanks have appeared in the

1990s, all of these represent

World War II tanks. In 1:35th

scale, Dragon Models Ltd.

released an IS-2 model 1944

in 1995 as kit 6804, which was

later re-issued by Shanghai

Dragon under the same number. Zvezda also has a

kit of the IS-2 model 1944, kit number 3524, but as

the author does not have

one, little can be said

about it here.

To build an IS-2M mainy

requires the addition of

hullside stowage boxes

and side skirts, as well as

building new front and

rear mudguards and several other details.

To be accurate, the roadwheels and idlers will

need to be replaced, because they should have ten

bolts around the hubs instead of the five present on

kits of World War II vehicles. Currently, the only

source for these wheels is the Trumpeter kit of the

IS-3M, from which other parts could also be taken

and adapted to the IS-2 modelsuch as the mud-

guards and other post-war fittings.

DML kit 6804

artwork

Zvezda kit 3524

artwork

Although captioned as

showing an IS-2 from

1943, these drawings

from an unknown

Russian publication

actually depict an

IS-2M with the modifi-

cations introduced in

1954: track skirts,

recessed reinforce-

ments in the front and

rear mudguards, hull-

side stowage bins, twin

headlights, etc.

The cylinders on the

hull rear are not fuel

drums (unlike on the

Duxford vehicle) but

smoke generators.

The drawings have

been reproduced at

approximately 1:72nd

scale, but they are not

scale-accurate.

Танк ИС-2М - IS 2.pdf

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: