glikoliza i cykl kwasu cytrynowego - obieg.pdf

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MM06_SHU.AI

GLYCOLYSIS & TCA CYCLE-

SHUTTLES

GLUCOSE

ATP

ADP

Glucose-6-P

Fructose-6- P

ATP

Fructose-1,6-bis- P

ADP

Glycerone-3- P

(Di-OH-acetone- P)

2

3-P-Glyceral dehyde

2

NAD

2 P i

2

NADH+H +

2

1,3-bis-P-Glycerate

2

ADP

2

3-P-Glycerate

2

ATP

2

2-P-Glycerate

2

P-enolpyruvate

2

2

H 2 O

ADP

2

PYRUVATE

2

ATP

NAD +

PYRUVATE

NADH+H +

ACETYL - CoA

Malate

- OOCC H (O H )CH 2 COO -

Malate

Oxaloacetate

2-Oxoglutarate

- OOCCOCH 2 COO -

Oxaloacetate

Citrate

Oxaloacetate

2-Oxoglutarate

Malate

NADH+H +

+

Aspartate

Aspartate

Isocitrate

1H +

1H +

Glutamate

Glutamate

NAD +

Fumarate

2-Oxoglutarate

Glycerol-3-P

OOCC H -C H COO -

Glycerone-3-P

HOCH 2 COCH 2 O P

Succinate

Succinyl-CoA

P

FA D FAD H 2

(Di-OH-acetone- P)

GTP

GDP

UQ H 2

UQ

2H +

2e -

1.5 ATP

Malate-Aspartate Shuttle Operates when the NADH/NAD ratio is greater in the cytosol than in

the mitochondrial matrix. Electrons are transferred from cytosolic NADH via malate acoss the

the mitochondrial inner membrane and re-forms NADH in the matrix. This shuttle requires the

translocation of 1proton for each malate

Glycerol-phosphte Shuttle Operates if low ratio NADH/NAD in the cytosol - but at a cost.

Electrons are transferred ( via FAD) to ubiquinone at the outer surface of the mitochondrial inner

membrane to give ubiquinol which remains in the membrane and feeds into the Electron

Transport Chain. This is a pathway similar to that in which succinate enters the chain, and in

each case there is a loss of 4 translocated protons - equivalent to 1ATP.

c 2000 IUBMB

HOCH 2 C H (O H )CH 2 O P

H H

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Plik z chomika:

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glikoliza i cykl kwasu cytrynowego - obieg.pdf (93 KB)

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