ACRYLIC NAILS BHSD (2).pdf

Acrylic Nails

Anatomy and Physiology of The Nail

Health and Safety

Allergies

Nail Conditions

Tools and Equipment

Application of Tips

Removal

Maintenance and Aftercare

Introduction

Firstly thank you for purchasing I hope you will find the information guide, I hope you

find it helpful. When writing this information book I wanted to make it as easy to

understand in a straight forward format, having said this there are elements of all

therapies that require health and safety, contraindications etc

Nail extensions of all forms have become hugely popular with nail bars popping up in

every town and can be a rewarding and lucrative career in its own right. Many people

train purely as Nail Technicians where as others add nails as an extra string to their

bow, however, whatever you decide to do one this is for sure that your customers will

demand a high level of service and expertise.

Why do clients have nail extensions?

 To improve the appearance of short fingers as longer nails create the image of

longer fingers and more feminine hands

 Strengthens the natural nail

 Great for special occasions as nail extensions aren’t permanent

 To improve the appearance of the natural shape of the nail

 To cover up disfigured nails (only if the nail isn’t contra-indicated to treat)

How long does it take to apply nail tips?

When starting out it can take a while to perfect but with practice and dedication you

will be able to complete a set of nail tips to a very professional standard in around 45

minutes.

Health and Safety

The full health and safety requirement for beauty and holistic therapists is detailed in

our separate information book. However it is important to point out that any

materials, tools, workstation and hands should be sterilised before use. Cross infection

is the main reason for this which will be detailed further in contraindications. If

possible use disposable items as these can be thrown away after use. If you are

planning on training as a Nail Technician as a career it is worthwhile when treating

clients that they can see you cleaning equipment, washing down the workstation and

washing your hands as this will leave them feel confident about their own safety and

will therefore go along way with securing them as an ongoing client!

Anatomy and Physiology of the Nail

(This section is courtesy of the college where I studied Beauty Therapy)

This shows the structure of the nail

The Nail Plate

The nail plate is made up from translucent layers of keratinised epidermal cells and its

this that makes up the main body of the nail.

The nail grows forward over the nail bed until it becomes the free edge. The

underside of the nail plate is grooved by longitudinal ridges and furrows, this helps to

keep the nail in place.

In normal health the plate of the nail curves into two directions, these are;

Transversely – this goes from side to side across the nail

Longitudinally – this is from the base of the nail to the free edge

There are no blood vessels or nerves in the nail plate and this why nails the same as

hair can be cut and feel no pain or bleed. The pink colour that we have on our nails is

from the blood vessels that pass beneath it.

The Free Edge

The free edge is the bit of nail that grows over the fingertip

The Matrix

The matrix also known as the nail root is the area in which the nail grows. This area

of the nail is formed by the division of cells in the area that form part of the epidermis.

It lies under the base of the nail and its main function is to produce new nail cells.

The Nail Bed

The nail bed is the part of the skin upon which the nail plate rests. It has a pattern of

groves and furrows corresponding to those found on the underside of the nail plate,

these interlock which keeps the nail in place. The nail plate is supplied by the blood

vessels which provide the nourishment need for continued growth. The sensory

nerves that are also in the nail bed are for the protection, for example if you trap a

finger in the door.

The Nail Mantle

This is the layer of epidermis at the base of the nail just before the cuticle.

The Hyponychium

This is part of the epidermis under the free edge of the nail and helps to protect the

nail from infection.

The Nail Grooves

These are to help the nail grow forward and in a straight line.

The Perionychium

This is the collective name for the nail walls and the cuticle area and its function is to

protect the nail.

The Nail Walls

The nail walls are the folds of skin that overlap the sides of the nail and are there to

protect the nail plate edges.

The Eponychium

The eponychium is the extension of the cuticle at the base of the nail plate under the

which the nail plate emerges from the matrix and helps the protect the matrix from

infection.

The Cuticle

The cuticle is the overlapping epidermis around the base of the nail and when in good

condition should be soft and loose, the cuticle also helps to protect the matrix from

infection.

The Growth of The Nail

Cells divide in the matrix and the nail grows forward over the nail bed, this is guided

by the nail grooves as seen above. As they emerge from the matrix the translucent

cells are plump and soft, but they get harder and flatter as they move toward the free

edge (remember this as the tip of the nail)

The nail plate is made up of protein called keratin and the hardening on the underside

of the nail plate, the two surfaces interlock holding the nail in place. Our fingernails

grow at almost twice the speed of toenails and it takes around 6 months for the

fingernail to grow from the cuticle to the free edge, but around 12 months for a

toenail to grow to the free edge!

Treatable and Untreatable Conditions

As nail specialists, it is important to be able to recognise various nail and skin

conditions. There are many common conditions that do not prevent manicures or

application of artificial nails, others which need special care and, less commonly, some

which prevent any treatment altogether.

Two key rules

Always remember the two key rules:

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