Alkany(3).pdf

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Slajd 1
Wstęp do chemii organicznej
Nomenklatura, własności fizyczne, struktura
hybrydyzacja sp 3
eter
mapa potencjału
elektrostatycznego
cząsteczki eteru etylowego
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Slajd 2
•Alkany to węglowodory zawierające wyłącznie wiązania
pojedyncze o ogólnym wzorze: C n H2 n +2
nazwa wzór Kekulego
wzór półstrukturalny
model kulkowy
metan
etan
propan
butan
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Slajd 3
• Izomery konstytucyjne mają ten sam wzór sumaryczny
ale różnią się sposobem połączenia atomów
butan
izobutan
fragment
struktury
„izo”
pentan
izopentan
neopentan
fragment
struktury
„neo”
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Slajd 4
Nazewnictwo podstawników
alkilowych
grupa metylowa
grupa etylowa
grupa propylowa
grupa butylowa
dowolna grupa
alkilowa
alkohol metylowy
etyloamina
bromek propylu
chlorek butylu
jodek metylu
alkohol etylowy
propyloamina
alkohol butylowy
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Slajd 5
Nazwy wybranych grup alkilowych
metyl
etyl
izopropyl
izobutyl
izopentyl
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