6. Macierze i klastry.pdf

prof. dr hab. Krzysztof Jemielniak

PRZYRZĄDY

WIRTUALNE

Część 6

Macierze i

klastry

http://www.cim.pw.edu.pl/labview

k.jemielniak@wip.pw.edu.pl

http://www.cim.pw.edu.pl/kjemiel

ST 149, tel. 660 8656

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

Warszawa 2003

PRZYRZĄDY

WIRTUALNE

Macierze (Arrays)

• Zbiór elementów tego samego typu

• Jeden lub więcej wymiarów, do 2 elementów na

wymiar

• Dostęp do poszczególnych elementów przez indeks

• Pierwszy element ma indeks 0

indeks

Macierz 10-elementowa 1.2 3.2 8.2 8.0 4.8 5.1 6.0 1.0 2.5 1.7

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Macierz 2D

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

5 wierszy, 7 kolumn:

macierz o 35 elementach

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

Arrays group data elements of the same type. An array consists of elements and dimensions. Elements are

the data that make up the array. A dimension is the length, height, or depth of an array. An array can have

one or more dimensions and as many as 2^31 – 1 elements per dimension, memory permitting.

You can build arrays of numeric, Boolean, path, string, waveform, and cluster data types. Consider using

arrays when you work with a collection of similar data and when you perform repetitive computations.

Arrays are ideal for storing data you collect from waveforms or data generated in loops, where each iteration

of a loop produces one element of the array.

Array elements are ordered. An array uses an index so you can readily access any particular element. The

index is zero-based, which means it is in the range 0 to n – 1, where n is the number of elements in the array.

For example, n = 9 for the nine planets, so the index ranges from 0 to 8. Earth is the third planet, so it has an

index of 2.

A 2D array is analogous to a spreadsheet or table.

Example: Temperature readings and time stamp. One column

is time values, and the other column is readings.

Point out element (2,3) and element (3,2) on the slide.

Be careful to specify the element you really want. Example: The

first element in an array is array (0), not array(1).

Wstawianie macierzy na panelu czołowym

Z palety Controls >> All Controls >>

Array and Cluster wybierz Array

Zrzuć „skorupę”

na panel

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

To create an array control or indicator as shown, select an array on the Controls»All Controls»Array &

Cluster palette, place it on the front panel, and drag a control or indicator into the array shell. If you attempt

to drag an invalid control or indicator such as an XY graph into the array shell, you are unable to drop the

control or indicator in the array shell.

You must insert an object in the array shell before you use the array on the block diagram. Otherwise, the

array terminal appears black with an empty bracket.

Wstawianie macierzy na panelu

czołowym (cd.)

Umieść odpowiedni obiekt (np. zadajnik numeryczny

Numeric Control ) w „skorupie”

Dodawanie

wymiaru macierzy

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

To add dimensions to an array one at a time, right-click the index display and select Add Dimension from

the shortcut menu. You also can use the Positioning tool to resize the index display until you have as many

dimensions as you want.

Tworzenie stałej macierzowej (diagram)

1. Wybierz skorupę

Array Constant z

palety Array

2. Umieść potrzebny obiekt w

skorupie (tu stała boolowska)

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

Tworzenie macierzy przy pomocy pętli

• Pętle domyślnie kumulują macierze (auto

indeksowanie)

• Auto indeksowanie można wyłączyć

Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Produkcji, Instytut Technologii Maszyn

If you wire an array to a For Loop or While Loop input tunnel, you can read and process every element in

that array by enabling auto-indexing. When you auto-index an array output tunnel, the output array receives

a new element from every iteration of the loop. The wire from the output tunnel to the array indicator

becomes thicker as it changes to an array at the loop border, and the output tunnel contains square brackets

representing an array, as shown in the following illustration.

Disable auto-indexing by right-clicking the tunnel and selecting Disable Indexing from the shortcut menu.

For example, disable auto-indexing if you need only the last value passed to the tunnel in the previous

example, without creating an array.

Note Because you can use For Loops to process arrays an element at a time, LabVIEW enables auto-

indexing by default for every array you wire to a For Loop. Auto-indexing for While Loops is disabled by

default. To enable auto-indexing, right-click a tunnel and select Enable Indexing from the shortcut menu.

If you enable auto-indexing on an array wired to a For Loop input terminal, LabVIEW sets the count

terminal to the array size so you do not need to wire the count terminal. If you enable auto-indexing for more

than one tunnel or if you wire the count terminal, the count becomes the smaller of the choices. For example,

if you wire an array with 10 elements to a For Loop input tunnel and you set the count terminal to 15, the

loop executes 10 times.

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