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Digital Television
Satellite, Cable, Terrestrial,
IPTV, Mobile TV in the
DVB Framework
Third Edition
Hervé Benoit
A MSTERDAM • B OSTON • H EIDELBERG • L ONDON
N EW Y ORK • O XFORD • P ARIS • S AN D IEGO
S AN F RANCISCO • S INGAPORE • S YDNEY • T OKYO
Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier
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Copyright © Dunod, 4 th edition, Paris 2006. English translation published by Elsevier, 2008.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Benoit, Hervé.
[Télévision numérique. English]
Digital television : satellite, cable, terrestrial, iptv, mobile tv
in the dvb framework/Hervé
Benoit. – 3rd ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-240-52081-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Digital television. I. Title.
TK6678.B4613 2008
621.388’07–dc22
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ISBN: 978-0-240-52081-0
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Contents
Preface
vii
Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
xi
1. Color television: a review of current standards
1
1.1 Monochrome TV basics
1
1.2 Black and white compatible color systems
5
2. Digitization of video signals
17
2.1 Why digitize video signals?
17
2.2 Digitization formats
18
2.3 Transport problems
25
3. Source coding: compression of video
and audio signals
31
3.1 Some general data compression principles
32
3.2 Compression applied to images: the discrete
cosine transform (DCT)
35
3.3 Compression of fixed pictures
39
3.4 Compression of moving pictures (MPEG)
42
3.5 Compression of audio signals
61
4. Source multiplexing
75
4.1 Organization of the MPEG-1 multiplex: system
layer
75
4.2 Organization of the MPEG-2 multiplex: program
and transport streams
80
iii
Contents
5. Scrambling and conditional access
97
5.1 Principles of the scrambling system in the DVB
standard
99
5.2 Conditional access mechanisms
101
5.3 Main conditional access systems
104
6. Channel coding (forward error correction)
105
6.1 Energy dispersal (randomizing)
106
6.2 Reed–Solomon coding (outer coding)
108
6.3 Forney convolutional interleaving (temporal
spreading of errors)
109
6.4 Convolutional coding (inner coding)
111
7. Modulation by digital signals
115
7.1 General discussion on the modulation of a carrier
by digital signals
116
7.2 Quadrature modulations
119
7.3 Modulation characteristics for cable and satellite
digital TV broadcasting (DVB-C and DVB-S)
121
7.4 OFDM modulation for terrestrial digital TV
(DVB-T)
129
7.5 Summary of DVB transmission characteristics
(cable, satellite, terrestrial)
139
8. Reception of digital TV signals
143
8.1 Global view of the transmission/reception
process
143
8.2 Composition of the integrated receiver
decoder (IRD)
145
9. Middleware and interoperability aspects
159
9.1 Main proprietary middlewares used
in Europe
163
9.2 The open European middlewares
167
iv

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