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Radar Technology Encyclopedia
(Electronic Edition)
David K. Barton
Sergey A. Leonov
Editors
Artech House
Boston ·. London
iv
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Barton, David K.
Radar technology encyclopedia / David K. Barton and Sergey A. Leonov, editors
Includes bibliographical rteferences and index
ISBN 0-89006-893-3
1. Radar—Encyclopedias.
I. Barton, David Knox, 1927
-.
II. Leonov, S. A. (Sergey Alexandovich).
TK6574.R34 1997
621.3848’03—dc21
96-52026
CIP
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Radar technology encyclopedia
1Radar - encyclopedias
I. Barton, David K. (David Knox) II. Leonov, Sergey A.
ISBN 0-89006-893-3
© 1998 ARTECH HOUSE, INC.
685 Canton Street
Norwood, MA 02062
All rights reserved. Produced in United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or
by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appro-
priately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this
book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.
International Standard Book Number: 0-89006-893-3
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-52026
v
Table of Contents
carcinotron
72
display, radar
139
cathode-ray tube
72
distribution
146
cell, radar (resolution)
73
diversity
149
centroiding
73
divider
149
cepstrum
74
doppler effect
149
A
chaff
74
drive
151
channel
74
duct, ducting
151
absorber, radar
1
chart
75
duplexer
151
absorption
5
chirp
76
duty factor
152
accuracy
5
choke, microwave
76
dynamic range
153
acquisition
7
circuit
76
adapter, microwave
8
circulator
77
E
algorithm
8
clipping
78
aliasing
10
eclipsing
153
clutter
78
altimeter, radar
10
echo, radar
154
coast
88
ambiguity
11
effective echoing area
154
coaxitron
88
ambiguity function
12
electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC)
154
code, coding
88
amplifier, microwave
15
coherence
90
22
conductance
91
154
amplitude
22
confusion area
91
analyzer
22
connector, microwave
91
electronic countermeasures
(ECM)
156
anechoic chamber
22
conopulse
91
angel (echo)
23
constant false alarm rate
91
electronic intelligence
161
angle
23
contrast, radar
93
electronic (warfare) support mea-
sures (ESM)
162
antenna
25
control
93
aperture
40
conversion, converter
94
approximation
41
electronic warfare
162
convolution
96
array (antenna)
42
equalization
163
coordinates, radar
96
astronomy, radar
51
equivalence principle
163
correlation function
97
atmosphere
51
error, measurement
164
correlator
98
atmospherics
55
exciter
172
Cotton-Mouton effect
98
attenuation
55
coupler, directional
99
attenuator
58
F
coverage, radar
100
autocorrelator
59
crossed-field amplifier
101
fading
173
autodyne
59
crowbar
103
failure
173
availability
59
false alarm
173
axis
60
D
fantastron
174
Faraday
175
B
backscatter, backscattering
data, radar
104
feed, antenna
175
deception, radar
105
60
feedback
180
decibel
105
backward-wave tube
60
feeder [feed line]
180
decoder
106
band
61
fence
180
decorrelation
106
bandwidth
61
ferrite
181
decoy, radar
106
bang, main
62
field, electromagnetic
181
defruiter
106
baseband
62
filter, filtering
182
delay
107
baseline
62
fluctuation
197
delay line
107
beam, antenna
62
follower
197
delta [Dirac] function
111
bel
64
frequency
197
dematron
111
bimatron
64
Friis transmission formula
203
demodulation
111
bitermitron
64
“fruit”
203
demultiplexing
111
blanking, blanker
64
function, random
203
depolarization
111
blinking
64
fuze, radar
204
depth of focus
112
blip
65
designation
112
blocking
65
G
detectability factor
112
blooming
65
detection [of radar targets]
113
gain
204
Boltzmann’s constant
65
125
garble
205
boresighting
65
gate, gating
205
Bragg
65
device, microwave
129
generator
206
bridge, microwave
65
diagram
132
ghost
207
burnthrough
67
Dicke fix
132
glint
207
buoy, radar
67
dielectric
133
goniometer
207
diffraction
133
“grass”
207
C
diode, microwave
133
guidance, radar
207
calibration
67
diplex (mode)
137
gull
208
camouflage
68
dipole
137
Gunn effect
208
cancellation, canceler
68
137
gyrotron
208
capture effect
72
138
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
vi
refractivity
400
H
N
relay, radar
400
reliability, radar
400
navigation, radio
284
height finder
209
repair
400
navigator, doppler
285
heterodyning
210
resistance
401
network
286
hit
210
resolution
401
noise
286
hole, radar
210
resonator, microwave
404
nomenclature, radar
288
hologram, holography, radar
210
response
408
notcher
289
homing, radar
213
return loss
408
nuclear effects
289
horizon, radar
213
ring
408
nulling
290
Huygens’ source
213
Nyquist ‘
290
hybrid (junction), microwave
213
O
S
sample, sampling
408
I
operator, radar
290
scan, scanning
409
oscillation
290
illuminator
214
scanner, antenna
411
oscillator, microwave
291
image, imaging, radar
214
scatterer, scattering
414
impedance
216
scatterometer
415
P
parametric echo effect
inductance
217
sea effect
416
information measure
217
296
searchlighting
416
integrated circuit
217
pattern, antenna
296
seeker, radar
416
integration, integrator
219
performance, radar
299
selectivity
418
intelligence, radar
223
permeability
299
sensitivity
418
interference
223
permittivity
300
sequence
418
interferometer, radar
223
phase
300
service, radar
419
interpolation
223
phase shifter
300
sextant, radar
420
interrogation, interrogator
224
phasor
304
shadow, radar
420
intrusion
224
platform
304
shift keying
420
ionosphere
224
platinotron
304
sidelobe
420
iris, matching
225
plumbing
304
sight, radar
421
Poincaré sphere
304
signal, radar
421
J
polarization
304
signal processing, signal proces-
sor
424
polarizer
307
jaff
225
polyplexer
307
silence, radar
425
jammer, jamming
225
potential, radar
307
skiatron
425
jitter
231
power
307
slant-range effect
425
joint, microwave
232
Poynting(’s) vector
310
slow-wave structure
425
Josephson effect
232
precision
310
smoothing, data
426
preclassification
310
speckle
426
K
principle
310
spectrometer, spectroscopy, radar
426
propagation, wave
310
Kabanov effect
232
spectrum
426
pulse
313
klystron
232
speed, blind
427
pulse compression
315
spoofing
427
pulse repetition frquency (PRF)
318
L
squitter
427
pulser
319
stabilitron
427
lens
234
stability
427
likelihood
237
Q
stealth
428
limiter
238
step function
428
Q(-factor)
320
line
240
strobe
428
Q-function
320
load
240
subsystem, radar
428
lobe
240
Quantization
320
local oscillator (LO)
241
superposition
428
loss, in radar
243
R
suppression
429
(running) rabbits
320
surveillance, radar
429
M
radar
320
switch, switching
429
radar applications and types
321
magnetron
258
synchronizer
429
radar cross section
361
map
262
synthesizer
429
radargrammetry
370
mapping
262
radiation
371
mark, calibration
263
T
radiator, radiating elements, of
antenna
372
matrix
263
tapering
430
measurement, radar
264
target, radar
430
meteorology, radar
265
radiometer, radiometry, micro-
wave
373
target recognition and identifica-
tion
432
microphone effect
266
missile, antiradiation
266
radome
374
temperature, noise
436
mixer
266
railing
376
test, testing, radar
438
model
269
range
376
tetrode
439
modulation
269
range equation
378
threshold
439
modulator
271
range finder, ranging, radar
385
throughput capability
439
monopinch
274
receiver, reception, radar
387
thyristor
440
monopulse
275
reciprocity
393
time
440
moving target detector
278
reflection
393
tomography, microwave
441
moving target indication
279
reflectivity
395
track, trackers, tracking
441
multiport, microwave
283
reflectometer
396
tradeoff
445
multivibrator
283
reflector
396
trainer, radar
446
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
vii
transceiver
446
waveform, radar
472
transducer
446
U
waveguide
478
transfer function
446
weighting
483
uncertainty
465
transform
446
X
transformer, microwave
449
V
varactor
466
transmission line, microwave
452
varicap
466
Y
transmissivity
456
vaxitron
466
transmitter, radar
456
vegetation factor
466
transponder
459
Z
velocity
466
traveling-wave tube (TWT)
460
zone, radar
484
velodyne
466
trigatron
462
video
466
trigger (flip-flop) circuit
462
Alphabetical Bibliography
485
visibility
467
triode, microwave
462
Bibliography by Subject
503
troposphere
462
W
wave, electromagnetic
Radar Abbreviations and Acro-
507
tube, microwave
463
nyms
twystron
465
468
transistor, microwave
450
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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