112.pdf

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

BIG ANIMALS

I. Read the text and do the exercises below. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia

Polar bears are the largest land carnivores in the world and the largest members of the bear

family.

Polar bears live only in the northern Arctic where they spend most of their time on ice floes.

They are found in the US (Alaska), Canada, Russia, Greenland and Norway. These areas are

viciously cold, with temperatures as low as minus 55 degrees Celsuis and wind speeds of up

to 30 miles per hour.

By having a thick layer of fat under their skin, the bears can stay warm in the cold

environment. Polar bears are warm-blooded mammals, which means that they can regulate

their body at the same temperature. Their skin is black, which helps to soak up as much heat

from the sun as possible. What's more, their round and compact body shape helps to keep

them warm. Polar bears don't have large ears or a long tail, because they lose warmth quickly.

Instead they try to weigh as much as possible because large objects lose heat slowly, so the

heaviest polar bear stays warmer longer.

Polar bears hunt seals, fish, seabirds and reindeer. They will also eat vegetation and berries in

the summer. Polar bears do not need to drink water, as they get all the liquid they need from

the food they eat.

In order for polar bears to stay fat and warm they must eat a lot of

food. Polar bears often eat 45 kilograms of seal in one meal. About

half of the food polar bears eat is used to keep them warm, which is

the same for humans. So the colder the Arctic gets, the more they

must eat to keep warm.

Polar bears have an amazing sense of smell, which means that they

can smell a dead meal 20 miles away and a live seal one metre

under the ice. They are very good swimmers, and use their fat and two layers of dense, oily,

water repellent fur to help keep them afloat. They use their large feet as paddles when

swimming and when on the ice, their feet are used as snow-shoes.

Polar bear cubs are no bigger than a rat when born. BBC Nature

1. Look at the words in bold and match them with the definitions. Spjrz na

pogrubione wyraŇenia i poþĢcz je z definicjami

carnivores

viciously (cold)

mammals

soak up (the sun)

seals

water repellent

cubs

a. to sit outside for a long time enjoying the sun

b. unpleasantly strong or severe

ice floes

c. covered with a substance that makes water run off it, so that it does not become wet

d. an animal that eats meat

e. a type of animal that drinks milk from its mother's body when it is young

f. a large sea animal that eats fish and lives around coasts

g. the baby of a wild animal such as a lion or a bear

h. an area of ice floating in the sea, that has broken off from a larger mass

2. Choose the right answer according to the text. Wybierz wþaĻciwĢ odpowiedŅ.

1. Polar bears live

a. in very cold areas

b. only in the US

c. on ice floes

2. Thick layer of fat helps them

a. move

b. keep warm

c. hunt

3. They donÓt have large ears because

a. they would lose warmth too quickly

b. they have no enemies to be afraid of

c. the wind is too strong

4. Polar bears donÓt eat

a. fruit

b. plants

c. insects

5. They donÓt drink because

a. they get water from food

b. all water is frozen

c. they donÓt need water

6. They have a good sense of

a. sight

b. taste

c. smell

7. Polar bears

a. swim to warmer areas in the winter

b. are well adapted to the cold environment

c. eat rats

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

I. Read the text and do the exercises below. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia

Giant pandas live in China. They inhabit areas of mountain forest where dense patches of

bamboo can be found. They spend most of their time on the forest floor, where they seek

shelter in hollow trees, rock caves.

These solitary mammals spend over 60% of their lives eating! Giant pandas feed almost

exclusively on bamboo, and they have elongated wrists which act like a sixth claw to help

them grasp the slender shoots. Their bamboo diet is very low in nutrients, so to obtain enough

nourishment they may feed for up to 14 hours a day.

Giant pandas are large, heavily built animals, and can weigh up to

115 kilograms. No one knows for sure why they have such bold

black and white markings. The most popular explanation is that the

colours act as a signal to other pandas, making them highly visible

and preventing confrontations.

Females give birth to one or two cubs in August or September. They

build a den from twigs and leaves in a hollow tree stump or rock crevice a few days before

they are due to give birth. The tiny infants are born blind and hairless, and weigh between 80

and 120 grams. Giant panda cubs develop rapidly, and they put on over 20 times their birth

weight in just eight weeks.

Giant pandas are an endangered species, and there are only about 1,000 left in the wild. Since

the 1970s their habitat has shrunk by half, and most of the population now live in panda

reserves. BBC Nature

1. Match the words with their translations. PoþĢcz wyrazy z ich tþumaczeniami

dense

chwytaę

patches

cienki

seek

gaþĢzki

shelter

gatunek

hollow

għsty

caves

jaskinia

solitary

maþy

elongated

nadgarstki

wrists

nora

claw

pazur

grasp

pħdy

slender

pieı

shoots

poþacie

nutrients

pusty

obtain

samotne

bold

schronienie

cubs

skurczyę siħ

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

den

substancje odŇywcze

twigs

szczeniaki

stump

szpara

crevice

szukaę

tiny

uzyskaę

endangered

wydþuŇony

species

wyraŅne

shrunk

zagroŇony

2. Complete the sentences with the words from the previous exercise. Uzupeþnij zdania

wyrazami z poprzedniego ęwiczenia

1. A tiger takes a good care of her ÈÈÈÈ.

2. The plant absorbs ÈÈÈÈÈ. from the soil.

3. The cat dug his ÈÈÈÈÈ into my leg

4. At Halloween children make lamps out of ÈÈÈÈÈ.. pumpkins

5. Coles came to the Yukon in the 1970s to ÈÈÈÈÈ his fortune

6. Seven ÈÈÈÈ.. of birds of prey have been observed

7. Smoking during pregnancy ÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. your baby's life

8. An old hut gave ÈÈÈÈÈ.. from the storm

9. The benches were empty except for a single ÈÈÈÈÈ.. figure.

10.

3. Match the animal idioms with their explanations. PoþĢcz idiomy z ich znaczeniami

go ape

a busy place, a room full of working

people

no spring chicken

something or someone that is better

than everything else

cat's whiskers

accept the most blame or

responsibility

like herding cats

become extremely excited

it bugs me

Fast.

bitten by the same bug

have the same interest or hobby

a beehive of activity

It irritates me

have a bear by the tail

Not practical.

bear down

to have a very difficult problem to

solve

like a bat out of hell

move quickly

A narrow track went up through ÈÈÈÈÈ. forest

for the birds

ineffective.

bear the brunt

old

Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!

4. Complete the sentences with the words from the previous exercise. Uzupeþnij zdania

wyrazami z poprzedniego ęwiczenia

1. When she heard that she had failed the exam she ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.

2. I really thought I looked ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ. in that dress

3. It just ÈÈÈ.. me that I have to work so many extra hours for no extra money.

4. there is a storm ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. on the island

5. I drove ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ to the hospital

6. You canÓt expect him to learn so fast he is ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..

7. All he ever gives me for birthday is ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.

8. Fishermen understand each other so well because they are all ÈÈÈÈÈÈ

5. Name the young of the animals.Nazwij mþode poniŇszych zwierzĢt

1. cow Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

2. pig Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

3. hen Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

4. dog Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

5. horse Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

6. frog Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

7. goose Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

8. cat Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

9. sheep Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

10. duck Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..

KEY

1. d

2. h

3. b

4. e

5. a

6. f

7. c

8. g

1. a

2. b

3. a

4. c

5. a

6. c

7. b

II.

dense

poþacie

seek

szukaę

patches

għsty

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