ARDUINO_NOTEBOOKv6.pdf

arduino

programming

notebook

brian w. evans

Arduino Programming Notebook

Written and compiled by Brian W. Evans

With information or inspiration taken from:

http://www.arduino.cc

http://www.wiring.org.co

http://www.arduino.cc/en/Booklet/HomePage

http://cslibrary.stanford.edu/101/

Including material written by:

Paul Badger

Massimo Banzi

Hernando Barragán

David Cuartielles

Tom Igoe

Daniel Jolliffe

Todd Kurt

David Mellis

and others

Published:

First Edition August 2007

Second Edition September 2008

12c bao

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons

Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 License.

To view a copy of this license, visit:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/

Or send a letter to:

Creative Commons

171 Second Street, Suite 300

San Francisco, California, 94105, USA

contents

structure

setup()

loop()

functions

{} curly braces

; semicolon

/*… */ block comments

// line comments

variables

variable declaration

variable scope

datatypes

byte

int

long

float

arrays

arithmetic

compound assignments

comparison operators

logical operators

constants

true/false

high/low

input/output

flow control

if… else

for

while

do… while

digital i/o

pinMode(pin, mode)

digitalRead(pin)

digitalWrite(pin, value)

analog i/o

analogRead(pin)

analogWrite(pin, value)

time

delay(ms)

millis()

math

min(x, y)

max(x, y)

random

randomSeed(seed)

random(min, max)

serial

Serial.begin(rate)

Serial.println(data)

appendix

digital output

digital input

high current output

pwm output

potentiometer input

variable resistor input

servo output

preface

This notebook serves as a convenient, easy to use programming reference for the

command structure and basic syntax of the Arduino microcontroller. To keep it

simple, certain exclusions were made that make this a beginner’s reference best

used as a secondary source alongside other websites, books, workshops, or classes.

This decision has lead to a slight emphasis on using the Arduino for standalone

purposes and, for example, excludes the more complex uses of arrays or advanced

forms of serial communication.

Beginning with the basic structure of Arduino's C derived programming language, this

notebook continues on to describe the syntax of the most common elements of the

language and illustrates their usage with examples and code fragments. This includes

many functions of the core library followed by an appendix with sample schematics

and starter programs. The overall format compliments O’Sullivan and Igoe’s Physical

Computing where possible.

For an introduction to the Arduino and interactive design, refer to Banzi’s Getting

Started with Arduino , aka the Arduino Booklet . For the brave few interested in the

intricacies of programming in C, Kernighan and Ritchie’s The C Programming

Language, second edition, as well as Prinz and Crawford’s C in a Nutshell, provide

some insight into the original programming syntax.

Above all else, this notebook would not have been possible without the great

community of makers and shear mass of original material to be found at the Arduino

website, playground, and forum at http://www.arduino.cc.

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