METHOD
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
DISTINCTIVE FEATURES
TEACHER ROLE
STUDENTS ROLE
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION
NONE
-translating activities
-literary language
-grammar taught deductively
-instructions in native language
-grammar mistakes are automatically corrected
-organizes the whole lesson
-knower and controller of everything
-suppose to correct grammar mistakes
Pawns of the board
-respond do comments
-focus of grammar
-good control of teacher
-good position of teacher
-no practise
-no communication
-artificial language
DIRECT
*Marcel, Prendergast & Gouin
*Reform Movement *H.Sweet, W.Vietor & P.Passy
-spoken language
-inductive grammar
-no translation
-native speakers
-Berlith’z Method
-only in private schools
-gestures
-control
-native speaker
Try to swim in the sourface of the “ocean of language”
-speaking
-pronunciation
-understanding
-good only for talented students
-no help from the teacher
-teacher provides the language material
-native speakers may not have been able to teach students
AUDIO-LINGUAL
Behaviourism+
structuralism
-drills (repetitions, replacements, etc.)
-inductive learning
-focus on grammar and vocabulary
-language laboratories
-correcting pronunciation mistakes
-central position
-organizes lesson
-corrects pronunciation mistakes
-respond to comments
-repeat after teacher
-learning vocabulary
-learning pronunciation
-only memorization without understanding
-language isn’t situationalized
SITUATIONAL LANGUAGE TEACHING (PPP)
-deep contextualization of everything
-repeat
SUGGESTOPEDIA
Specific set of learning recommendations derived from Suggestology
“science (...) concerned with the systematic study of the nonrational and/or nonconscious influences”
-music (baroque or relaxing (nowadays))
-relax
-solem silence
-desuggestion
-suggestion
-nice atmosphere
-no homework
-every lesson based on dialoque
-no repetition
-superlearning (SITA-modern version)
-rapport
-model
-actor
-proffesionally trained
-shows material in “playful manner”
-passively absorbing knowledge
-quess vocabulary from context
-spontaneusly speaking
-interaction
-practicing comprehension skills
-no repetitions
-no correcting
-low effective filter
COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING (CLL)
Humanistic learning by Roger’s
-circle
-recording lessom
-only 10-12 students
-no syllabus
-learner-centred lesson
-use any sort of language
-interaction between students
-translator
-counselor
-classroom organizer
-“client”
-no stress
-students understand everything
-subjects chosen by students-high motivated
-they aren’t forced
-students don’t have to use the target language
-not good for logical learners
-no control over the teacher
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR)
Behaviourism+ cognitivism
-physical movement
-listening, then production
-mostly for children
-similar to parent
-giving comments
-“Simon says”
-respond
-chalenge for shy students
-they cannot express themselves
-it is only for children, for basic English
SILENT WAY
Cognitivism
-rods
-cuisonaire rods
-charts for vocabulary or pronunciation
-point
-silence
-very little attendance of teacher
-teacher is silent
-build sentences silently
-everybody learns on his own step
-no lockstep
rafal.perz