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PIC16F8X
8-Bit CMOS Flash/EEPROM Microcontrollers
Devices Included in this Data Sheet:
Pin Diagram
• PIC16F83
• PIC16CR83
• PIC16F84
• PIC16CR84
• Extended voltage range devices available
(PIC16
PDIP, SOIC
RA2
RA3
RA4/ T0CKI
MCLR
V SS
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
RA1
RA0
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
V DD
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
LF
8X, PIC16
LCR
8X)
High Performance RISC CPU Features:
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All instructions single cycle (400 ns @ 10 MHz)
except for program branches which are two-cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 10 MHz clock input
DC - 400 ns instruction cycle
Memory
Device
Data
Freq
Max.
Flash
RAM EEPROM
Special Microcontroller Features:
PIC16F83
512 words
36
64
10 MHz
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT)
• Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
• Code-protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
• Selectable oscillator options
• Serial In-System Programming - via two pins
(ROM devices support only Data EEPROM
programming)
PIC16CR83 512 words
36
64
10 MHz
PIC16F84
1 K-words
68
64
10 MHz
PIC16CR84 1 K-words
68
64
10 MHz
F = Flash; CR = ROM
• 14-bit wide instructions
• 8-bit wide data path
• 15 special function hardware registers
• Eight-level deep hardware stack
• Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
• Four interrupt sources:
- External RB0/INT pin
- TMR0 timer overflow
- PORTB<7:4> interrupt on change
- Data EEPROM write complete
• 1,000,000 data memory EEPROM
ERASE/WRITE cycles
• EEPROM Data Retention > 40 years
CMOS Technology:
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS Flash/EEPROM
technology
• Fully static design
• Wide operating voltage range:
- Commercial: 2.0V to 6.0V
- Industrial: 2.0V to 6.0V
• Low power consumption:
- < 2 mA typical @ 5V, 4 MHz
- 15
Peripheral Features:
• 13 I/O pins with individual direction control
• High current sink/source for direct LED drive
- 25 mA sink max. per pin
- 20 mA source max. per pin
• TMR0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit
programmable prescaler
m
A typical @ 2V, 32 kHz
- < 1
m
A typical standby current @ 2V
Ó
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30430B-page 1
This document was created with FrameMaker404
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PIC16F8X
Table of Contents
1.0 General Description ............................................................................................................................................ 3
2.0 PIC16F8X Device Varieties ................................................................................................................................ 5
3.0 Architectural Overview........................................................................................................................................ 7
4.0 Memory Organization ....................................................................................................................................... 11
5.0 I/O Ports............................................................................................................................................................ 21
6.0 Timer0 Module and TMR0 Register.................................................................................................................. 27
7.0 Data EEPROM Memory.................................................................................................................................... 33
8.0 Special Features of the CPU ............................................................................................................................ 37
9.0 Instruction Set Summary ................................................................................................................................... 55
10.0 Development Support ........................................................................................................................................ 67
11.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16F83 and PIC16F84.................................................................................... 71
12.0 DC & AC Characteristics Graphs/Tables for PIC16F83 and PIC16F84 ........................................................... 83
13.0 Electrical Characteristics for PIC16CR83 and PIC16CR84............................................................................... 85
14.0 DC & AC Characteristics Graphs/Tables for PIC16CR83 and PIC16CR84 ...................................................... 97
15.0 Packaging Information ....................................................................................................................................... 99
Appendix A: Feature Improvements ......................................................................................................................... 103
Appendix B: Compatibility......................................................................................................................................... 103
Appendix C: What’s New .......................................................................................................................................... 104
Appendix D: What’s Changed................................................................................................................................... 104
Appendix E: PIC16C84 to PIC16F83/CR83 and PIC16F84/CR84 Conversion Considerations............................... 104
Appendix F: PIC16/17 Microcontrollers .................................................................................................................... 105
Index............................................................................................................................................................................ 115
PIC16F8X Product Identification System .................................................................................................................... 121
To Our Valued Customers
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent a great deal of
time to ensure that these documents are correct. However, we realize that we may have missed a few things. If you
find any information that is missing or appears in error, please use the reader response form in the back of this data
sheet to inform us. We appreciate your assistance in making this a better document.
DS30430B-page 2
Ó
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
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PIC16F8X
1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The devices with Flash program memory allow the
same device package to be used for prototyping and
production. In-circuit reprogrammability allows the
code to be updated without the device being removed
from the end application. This is useful in the
development of many applications where the device
may not be easily accessible, but the prototypes may
require code updates. This is also useful for remote
applications where the code may need to be updated
(such as rate information).
Table 1-1 lists the features of the PIC16F8X, and
Appendix D: list the features of all of the Microchip
microcontrollers.
A simplified block diagram of the PIC16F8X is shown in
Figure 3-1.
The PIC16F8X fits perfectly in applications ranging
from high speed automotive and appliance motor
control to low-power remote sensors, electronic locks,
security devices and smart cards. The Flash/EEPROM
technology makes customization of application
programs (transmitter codes, motor speeds, receiver
frequencies, security codes, etc.) extremely fast and
convenient. The small footprint packages make this
microcontroller series perfect for all applications with
space limitations. Low-cost, low-power, high
performance, ease of use and I/O flexibility make the
PIC16F8X very versatile even in areas where no
microcontroller use has been considered before
(e.g., timer functions, serial communication, capture
and compare, PWM functions and co-processor
applications).
The serial in-system programming feature (via two
pins) offers flexibility of customizing the product after
complete assembly and testing. This feature can be
used to serialize a product, store calibration data, or
program the device with the current firmware before
shipping.
The PIC16F8X is a group in the PIC16CXX family of
low-cost, high-performance, CMOS, fully-static, 8-bit
microcontrollers. This group contains the following
devices:
• PIC16F83
• PIC16CR83
• PIC16F84
• PIC16CR84
All PIC16/17 microcontrollers employ an advanced
RISC architecture. PIC16CXX devices have enhanced
core features, eight-level deep stack, and multiple
internal and external interrupt sources. The separate
instruction and data buses of the Harvard architecture
allow a 14-bit wide instruction word with a separate
8-bit wide data bus. The two stage instruction pipeline
allows all instructions to execute in a single cycle,
except for program branches (which require two
cycles). A total of 35 instructions (reduced instruction
set) are available. Additionally, a large register set is
used to achieve a very high performance level.
PIC16F8X microcontrollers typically achieve a 2:1
code compression and up to a 2:1 speed improvement
(at 10 MHz) over other 8-bit microcontrollers in their
class.
The PIC16F8X has up to 68 bytes of RAM, 64 bytes of
Data EEPROM memory, and 13 I/O pins. A
timer/counter is also available.
The PIC16CXX family has special features to reduce
external components, thus reducing cost, enhancing
system reliability and reducing power consumption.
There are four oscillator options, of which the single pin
RC oscillator provides a low-cost solution, the LP
oscillator minimizes power consumption, XT is a
standard crystal, and the HS is for High Speed crystals.
The SLEEP (power-down) mode offers power saving.
The user can wake the chip from sleep through several
external and internal interrupts and resets.
A highly reliable Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip
RC oscillator provides protection against software
lock-up.
1.1
Family and Upward Compatibility
Those users familiar with the PIC16C5X family of
microcontrollers will realize that this is an enhanced
version of the PIC16C5X architecture. Please refer to
Appendix A: for a detailed list of enhancements. Code
written for PIC16C5X can be easily ported to the
PIC16F8X (Appendix B:).
1.2
Development Support
The PIC16CXX family is supported by a full-featured
macro assembler, a software simulator, an in-circuit
emulator, a low-cost development programmer and a
full-featured programmer. A “C” compiler and fuzzy
logic support tools are also available.
Ó
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30430B-page 3
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PIC16F8X
TABLE 1-1:
PIC16F8X FAMILY OF DEVICES
Clock
Memory
Peripherals
Features
PIC16C84 10 — 1K — 36 64 TMR0 4 13 2.0-6.0 18-pin DIP, SOIC
PIC16F84 (1) 10 1K — — 68 64 TMR0 4 13 2.0-6.0 18-pin DIP, SOIC
PIC16CR84 (1) 10 — — 1K 68 64 TMR0 4 13 2.0-6.0 18-pin DIP, SOIC
PIC16F83 (1) 10 512 — — 36 64 TMR0 4 13 2.0-6.0 18-pin DIP, SOIC
PIC16CR83 (1) 10 — — 512 36 64 TMR0 4 13 2.0-6.0 18-pin DIP, SOIC
All PIC16/17 family devices have Power-on Reset, selectable Watchdog Timer, selectable code protect, and
high I/O current capability.
All PIC16C8X family devices use serial programming with clock pin RB6 and data pin RB7.
Note 1: Please contact your local sales office for availability of these devices.
DS30430B-page 4
Ó
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
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PIC16F8X
2.0 PIC16F8X DEVICE VARIETIES
2.2
Quick-Turnaround-Production (QTP)
Devices
A variety of frequency ranges and packaging options
are available. Depending on application and production
requirements the proper device option can be selected
using the information in this section. When placing
orders, please use the “PIC16F8X Product
Identification System” at the back of this data sheet to
specify the correct part number.
There are four device “types” as indicated in the device
number.
1.
84. These devices have Flash
program memory and operate over the standard
voltage range.
, as in PIC16
F
Microchip offers a QTP Programming Service for
factory production orders. This service is made
available for users who choose not to program a
medium to high quantity of units and whose code
patterns have stabilized. The devices have all Flash
locations and configuration options already pro-
grammed by the factory. Certain code and prototype
verification procedures do apply before production
shipments are available.
For information on submitting a QTP code, please
contact your Microchip Regional Sales Office.
2.
84. These devices have Flash
program memory and operate over an extended
voltage range.
, as in PIC16
LF
2.3
Serialized
Quick-Turnaround-Production
(SQTP ) Devices
SM
3.
83. These devices have
ROM program memory and operate over the
standard voltage range.
, as in PIC16
CR
Microchip offers the unique programming service
where a few user-defined locations in each device are
programmed with different serial numbers. The serial
numbers may be random, pseudo-random
or sequential.
Serial programming allows each device to have a
unique number which can serve as an entry-code,
password or ID number.
For information on submitting a SQTP code, please
contact your Microchip Regional Sales Office.
84. These devices have
ROM program memory and operate over an
extended voltage range.
When discussing memory maps and other architectural
features, the use of
LCR
, as in PIC16
LCR
F
and
CR
also implies the
LF
and
LCR
versions.
2.1
Electrically Erasable Devices
These devices are offered in the lower cost plastic
package, even though the device can be erased and
reprogrammed. This allows the same device to be used
for prototype development and pilot programs as well
as production.
A further advantage of the electrically erasable version
is that they can be erased and reprogrammed in-circuit,
or by device programmers, such as Microchip's
PICSTART
2.4
ROM Devices
Plus or PRO MATE
II programmers.
Some of Microchip’s devices have a corresponding
device where the program memory is a ROM. These
devices give a cost savings over Microchip’s traditional
user programmed devices (EPROM, EEPROM).
ROM devices (PIC16CR8X) do not allow serialization
information in the program memory space. The user
may program this information into the Data EEPROM.
For information on submitting a ROM code, please
contact your Microchip Regional Sales Office.
Ó
1996 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS30430B-page 5
This document was created with FrameMaker404
F
LF
CR
4.
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