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B
IBLICAL
H
EBREW
S
UMMARY
S
HEET
N
OUNS WITH
P
RONOM
.
S
UFF
.
O
BJ
.
S
UFF
.
P
ERSONAL
P
RONOUNS
I
NTERROGATIVES
N
UMBERS
pl
h]
sg n.
pl n.
sg
?
m. abs.
f. abs.
3ms
A wy ' w Wh aWh ~he ymi
who?
dx'a, tx;a;
-hm'
what?
~yin;v. ~yiT;v.
2ms
^ . ^y , ^ hT'a; ~T,a; %yae
how?
vlov' hv'lov.
2fs
% e %y ; % T.a; !T,a; hYea;
where?
[B;r.a; h['B'r.a;
1cs
y i y ; yni ykinoa' Wnxn;a] vmex' hV'mix]
3mp
~ ' ~h,y e ~ vve hV'vi
3fp
! ' !h,y
!
P
ARTICIPLES
[b;v, h['b.vi
2mp
~k, . ~k,y e
~k,
ms - mp
~y i hn,mov. hn'mov.
2fp
!ke . !k,y e
- fs
t ,
fp
tA [v;Te h['v.Ti
1cp
Wn e Wny e Wn rf,[, hr'f'[]
hN'he
V
ERB
S
YSTEM
undersubject
V
OWELS
I
MPERATIVE
ms - mp
W
subject
--
Passive
Caus./Act.
A
I
O/U
Active
qal
piel
hiphil
h ' y e y i W
fs
y i
fp
hn"
Passive
niphal
pual
hophal
long
•
'
•
e
•
i
•
o wO
Reflexive
niphal
hithpael
hiphil
short
•
;
•
,
•
u
•
'
W
ITH THE
P
REFIX OF
I
MPERFECT
,
P
RETERITE
,
J
USSIVE OR
C
OHORTATIVE
W
ITH THE
P
REFIX
m
OF THE PARTICIPLE
I + dagesh + A class = Niphal
A/I = Hiphil
I + any other vowel = Qal
U = Hophal
A + I class (full) = Hiphil
ind = Piel, Pual, Polel, Polal
A + any other vowel = Qal
th = Hithpael, Hithpolel
U = Hophal
ind + A class + dagesh = Piel
W
ITH THE
P
REFIX
h
h h
ind + U class + dagesh = Pual
I + dagesh + A class = Niphal impv/inf
-th = Hithpael, Hithpolel
I + shewa + I class = Hiphil perf
A = Hiphil impv/inf
W
ITH
N
O
P
REFIX
,
BUT ALL
3
R
OOT
L
ETTERS
U = Hophal perfect or infinitive
"
+
. A
= Qal act. part.
ind = Hiphil perf (with vowel reduction)
"
+
W
= Qal pass. part.
"
+ A = Qal inf. abs
W
ITH THE
P
REFIX
n
n
OF THE
N
IPHAL
"
+ any other vowel = Qal perfect
n
+
A
in the ultima = Niphal inf. abs.
A + dagesh in 2nd rad. = Piel impv/inf
n
+
'
in the ultima = Niphal participle
A + without dagesh = Qal impv (with
W y i
), Piel impv.
n
+
; .
in the ultima = Niphal perf.
I + dagesh in 2nd rad. = Piel perf.
I + suffixes = Qal impv.
W
ITH
N
O
P
REFIX
,
ONLY
2
ROOT LETTERS
U +
o
= Pual inf. abs.
A = Qal perfect, participle or imperative
U + silent shewa and suffix = Qal impv./ inf. cons.
I = Qal imperative, inf. cons.
U + any other vowels = Pual perfect
U = Qal imperative, infinitive
ind (due to propretonic reduct) = Qal perf., impv., pass. part.
ind + suffixes = Qal imperative
,
= Qal inf. cons.
ind (not due to propretonic reduct) = Qal impv, inf. cons.
SC (perfective)
- completed action / past (represented as a whole)
PC (non-perfective)
- future / not specified as to perfectivity
Waw Rel. (
×
w:
)
- represents a situation according to the perfective and relative to a preceding statement
2005 Mark D. Wessner
www.wessner.ca
3fs
H ' h'y , h' ayhi
h
n n
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