dotMobi-MobileWebDevelopersGuide.pdf

Mobile Web

Developer’s Guide

Part I: Creating Simple Mobile Sites for Common Handsets

DotMobi Mobile Web Developer Guide

Part I: Creating Simple Mobile Sites

proprietary and confidential property of mTLD and are provided subject to the user fully

acknowledging all title, intellectual and proprietary rights vest wholly in mTLD and to specific

obligations of confidentiality and other obligations as may be set forth in one or more binding

legal agreements.

Any use of this material is limited strictly to the uses specifically authorized in the applicable

license agreement(s) pursuant to which such material has been furnished. Any use or disclosure

of all or any part of this material not specifically authorized in writing by mTLD is strictly

prohibited.

Published by mobile Top Level Domain (mTLD), Ltd. 11 Exchange Place, IFSC, Dublin 1, Ireland

Contributing Authors: Ronan Cremin, Jo Rabin, Brian Fling, D. Keith Robinson

Printing History: March 2007: First Edition

dotMobi and the dotMobi logo are trademarks of mTLD. All other company, brand, and product

names are referenced for identification purposes only and may be trademarks that are the sole

property of their respective owners.

While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this Guide, dotMobi accepts no

responsibility for any inaccuracies contained in the text. The information in this Guide is provided

‘as is’, without any warranty of any kind. In no event shall dotMobi be liable for any

consequential, incidental or direct damages suffered by any party in connection with the use of

the information in this Guide. The information in this Guide does not constitute legal or

commercial advice.

DotMobi Web Developer’s Guide

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 5

T HE B ENEFITS OF THE M OBILE W EB ..................................................................................................... 6

D OT M OBI .............................................................................................................................................. 7

2. MOBILE WEB STRATEGY ............................................................................................................. 9

B ALANCING G OALS AND C ONSTRAINTS .............................................................................................. 10

U SER - CENTERED D ESIGN .................................................................................................................... 11

K NOW Y OUR A UDIENCE ...................................................................................................................... 12

3. MOBILE INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE............................................................................. 13

K EEP I T S IMPLE ................................................................................................................................... 14

C LICK S TREAMS .................................................................................................................................. 17

M OBILE S ERVICE P ROVIDERS .............................................................................................................. 17

P ROTOTYPING ...................................................................................................................................... 18

4. MOBILE WEB DESIGN .................................................................................................................. 21

D ESIGNING FOR D IFFERENT S CREEN S IZES .......................................................................................... 21

D ESIGNING FOR THE R IGHT D EVICE .................................................................................................... 23

M OBILE W EB N AVIGATION P ARADIGMS ............................................................................................. 24

L AYOUT & I NFORMATION D ESIGN ...................................................................................................... 27

5. MOBILE WEB STANDARDS .........................................................................................................29

W IRELESS A PPLICATION P ROTOCOL (WAP) ....................................................................................... 30

XHTML M OBILE P ROFILE / XHTML B ASIC ....................................................................................... 32

W IRELESS CSS .................................................................................................................................... 33

T HE B ENEFIT OF W EB S TANDARDS T ECHNIQUES ................................................................................ 34

W3C I NITIATIVES ................................................................................................................................35

DOT M OBI R EGISTRANT R ULES ............................................................................................................ 37

6. GETTING STARTED WITH XHTML .......................................................................................... 40

A LWAYS U SE THE C ORRECT E NCODING & D OCTYPE .......................................................................... 40

A LWAYS U SE W ELL - FORMED C ODE .................................................................................................... 41

A LWAYS A VOID U SING T ABLES FOR L AYOUT ..................................................................................... 42

P LACE N AVIGATION IN THE C ONTENT B ODY ....................................................................................... 43

U SE ACCESSKEYS IN THE P RIMARY N AVIGATION ................................................................................ 43

U SE O RDERED L ISTS FOR N AVIGATION ............................................................................................... 44

L INKING P HONE N UMBERS .................................................................................................................. 45

D EALING WITH F ORMS CAN BE T RICKY ............................................................................................... 45

DotMobi Web Developer’s Guide

7. RECOMMENDATIONS & BEST PRACTICES ........................................................................... 49

P AGE I NFORMATION ............................................................................................................................ 50

S TRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................................... 55

C ONTENT ............................................................................................................................................. 57

I MAGES ................................................................................................................................................ 60

O THER B EST P RACTICES ..................................................................................................................... 62

8. MOBILE PUBLISHING................................................................................................................... 64

S ITE N AMING ....................................................................................................................................... 66

C ONFIGURING S ERVER MIME T YPES .................................................................................................. 68

S ITE T ESTING ...................................................................................................................................... 69

9. GOING FURTHER WITH ADAPTATION ................................................................................... 74

U SER C HOICE ...................................................................................................................................... 75

W HAT I S A DAPTATION ? ...................................................................................................................... 76

D EVICE D ETECTION AND C HARACTERISTICS ....................................................................................... 79

A DAPTATION S TRATEGIES ................................................................................................................... 80

R EMEMBER .......................................................................................................................................... 83

APPENDIX A: CREATING A MOBILE-FRIENDLY SITE USING ONLY STYLESHEETS .... 84

W ARNING ............................................................................................................................................ 85

GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................................................... 87

DotMobi Web Developer’s Guide

1. Introduction

The Web has revolutionized how we interact with and publish information, but

up to now it has only been accessible to people with desktop devices. Web-

enabled mobile phones now extend the expected global reach of the Web to three

times that of today, touching one-third of the population 1 of the planet.

The goal of this guide is to provide developers and site owners with enough

knowledge to get started with the creation of Web content for mobile users. It

covers the benefits of publishing for mobile users, how mobile delivery differs

from desktop delivery and how to design for the mobile context.

Before now, Web publishing for mobile users has been something of a mystery,

partly because of a lack of information. This guide forms part of dotMobi’s efforts

to change this by providing authoritative and comprehensive guides, best

practices and methods and other material describing how to publish for mobile.

The guide aims to provide an introduction for those not familiar with the Mobile

Web. It contains techniques and information required to create a basic site that

will work well on the majority of phones. It is not an encyclopedia of past and

present technologies and techniques, but provides a place to start. Although

using a .mobi domain is recommended as a clear way to indicate to the user that

a site is mobile-friendly, the advice presented here applies to any mobile site.

T-Mobile, Credit Suisse First Boston and Pyramid Research report

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