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EUROPEAN YOUTH CAMPAIGN
AGAINST RACISM, XENOPHOBIA,
ANTI-SEMITISM AND INTOLERANCE
Education pack
Ideas, resources, methods and activities for informal
intercultural education with young people and adults
Second edition, 2004
1
Education Pack “all different - all equal”, Directorate of Youth and Sport, Council of Europe, 2 nd edition
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French edition: “Kit pédagogique - Idées, ressources, méthodes et activités pour l’éducation
interculturelle informelle avec des adultes et des jeunes” ISBN: 92-871-5627-1
The views expressed herein are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions
of the Council of Europe.
Copyright of this publication is held by the Council of Europe. No parts of this publication may be reproduced or
transmitted for commercial purposes in any form or by any means, electronic (CD-Rom, Internet, etc.) or mechanical
including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without the permission in writing
from the Publishing Division (publishing@coe.int), Communication and Research Directorate of the Council of
Europe (copy to the European Youth Centre Budapest, 1-3 Zivatar utca, H-1024 Budapest, Hungary; e-mail:
eycb.secretariat@coe.int).
Reproduction of material from this publication is authorised for non-commercial education purposes only and on
condition that the source is properly quoted.
Layout and design of the first edition: Sue Chadwick and David Peet, Small World Design, United Kingdom
“all different – all equal” logo: LBW, France
Layout and design of the second edition: Art Factory, Budapest
Published by the Directorate of Youth and Sports, Council of Europe
First edition, 1995
Second edition, 2004
ISBN: 92-871-5629-8
© Council of Europe, 2004
Printed in Hungary
2 Education Pack “all different - all equal”, Directorate of Youth and Sport, Council of Europe, 2 nd edition
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Education Pack “all different - all equal”
Authors:
Pat Brander
Carmen Cardenas
Juan de Vicente Abad
Rui Gomes
Mark Taylor
Final editor and coordinator :
Rui Gomes,
Directorate of Youth and Sport, Council of Europe
Updating and rewriting:
Pat Brander, Rui Gomes, Mark Taylor, 2004
Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to:
Carmen Cardenas, Equipo Claves and Cruz Roja Juventud for permission to
use their publication „En un mundo de differencias ... un mundo diferente“
as a basis for our reflections; the librarians of the European Youth Centre
for their unstinting support of this project; the Instituto de la Juventud and
the Centro Eurolatinamericano de Juventud in Mollina, Spain, for hosting the
production unit’s second meeting; the inhabitants of Whileaway Cottage,
Wongyerra, Australia; and to all the other people and organisations who have
contributed in numerous ways to the making of this publication.
Love also to loved ones and families who have managed to survive while we
were writing!
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Education Pack “all different - all equal”, Directorate of Youth and Sport, Council of Europe, 2 nd edition
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Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
PART A - KEY CONCEPTS AND BASIS
FOR INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION
Chapter 1 - Challenges, Problems and their Origins
The Reality of Our Societies: Difference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
North-South, A Question Of Imbalance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
The international economic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
An imbalance everyone of us helps to maintain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
East - West: The New Search For Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
The changing faces of Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Different Europes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Minorities in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Local Minorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Migrants, Immigrants, Refugees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
The Legal “Welcome” to Those Coming from Outside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
And What Are Our Responses to All of This? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
A Model to Adapt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
IF... THEN... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
References for this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Chapter 2 - Understanding Difference and Discrimination
From Multicultural to Intercultural Societies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Let’s Talk About Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Learning Your Own Culture: Something as Natural as Breathing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
We All Live With Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Stereotypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Prejudices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Prejudice and stereotypes about other cultural groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Ethnocentrism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Linking The Images And Their Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Xenophobia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Intolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Anti-Semitism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Racism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Where do we go from here? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
References for this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
4 Education Pack “all different - all equal”, Directorate of Youth and Sport, Council of Europe, 2 nd edition
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Chapter 3 - Intercultural Education: A Positive Approach
to Difference
Where Does Intercultural Education Come From? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Educational responses to multicultural society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Intercultural Education: A Social Education Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Two Ways of Travelling: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
1. Formal intercultural education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
2. Informal Intercultural Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Working With Young People – A Continuous Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
Pause for Thought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
To sum up, it may be helpful to remember that: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
References for this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
PART B - ACTIVITIES, METHODS AND RESOURCES
I. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
How to use the pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
II. The educational approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Working with young people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
III. Developing an intercultural education programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Tips for facilitators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Leading discussions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Dealing with conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Evaluation or reviewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
IV. Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
V. Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Table of Activities, levels and themes addressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
An A-Z of Actions for the Campaign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Antonio and Ali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Balloons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Cultionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Dear Friend... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Dominoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Dreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Eurojoke Contest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Euro-rail “à la carte” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Every Picture Tells a Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
First Impressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Force the Circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
The History Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
In Our Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
The Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Just Do It! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Knysna Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Limit 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
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