Edible And Medicinal Plants.pdf

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EDIBLE AND
MEDICINAL PLANTS
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Abal
Calligonum comosum
Description: The abal is one of the few shrubby plants that exists in the shady
deserts. This plant grows to about 1.2 meters, and its branches look like wisps from a
broom. The stiff, green branches produce an abundance of flowers in the early spring
months (March, April).
Habitat and Distribution: This plant is found in desert scrub and waste in any climatic
zone. It inhabits much of the North African desert. It may also be found on the desert
sands of the Middle East and as far eastward as the Rajputana desert of western India.
Edible Parts: This plant's general appearance would not indicate its usefulness to the
survivor, but while this plant is flowering in the spring, its fresh flowers can be eaten.
This plant is common in the areas where it is found. An analysis of the food value of
this plant has shown it to be high in sugar and nitrogenous components.
Acacia
Acacia farnesiana
Description: Acacia is a spreading, usually short tree with spines and alternate
compound leaves. Its individual leaflets are small. Its flowers are ball-shaped, bright
yellow, and very fragrant. Its bark is a whitish-gray color. Its fruits are dark brown
and podlike.
Habitat and Distribution: Acacia grows in open, sunny areas. It is found throughout
all tropical regions.
Note: There are about 500 species of acacia. These plants are especially prevalent in
Africa, southern Asia, and Australia, but many species are found in the warmer and
drier parts of America.
Edible Parts: Its young leaves, flowers, and pods are edible raw or cooked.
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Agave
Agave species
Description: These plants have large clusters of thick, fleshy leaves borne close to
the ground and surrounding a central stalk. The plants flower only once, then die.
They produce a massive flower stalk.
Habitat and Distribution: Agaves prefer dry, open areas. They are found throughout
Central America, the Caribbean, and parts of the western deserts of the United States
and Mexico.
Edible Parts: Its flowers and flower buds are edible. Boil them before eating.
CAUTION
The juice of some species causes dermatitis in some individuals.
Other Uses: Cut the huge flower stalk and collect the juice for drinking. Some species
have very fibrous leaves. Pound the leaves and remove the fibers for weaving and
making ropes. Most species have thick, sharp needles at the tips of the leaves. Use
them for sewing or making hacks. The sap of some species contains a chemical that
makes the sap suitable for use as a soap.
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Almond
Prunus amygdalus
Description: The almond tree, which sometimes grows to 12.2 meters, looks like a
peach tree. The fresh almond fruit resembles a gnarled, unripe peach and grows in
clusters. The stone (the almond itself) is covered with a thick, dry, woolly skin.
Habitat and Distribution: Almonds are found in the scrub and thorn forests of the
tropics, the evergreen scrub forests of temperate areas, and in desert scrub and
waste in all climatic zones. The almond tree is also found in the semidesert areas of
the Old World in southern Europe, the eastern Mediterranean, Iran, the Middle East,
China, Madeira, the Azores, and the Canary Islands.
Edible Parts: The mature almond fruit splits open lengthwise down the side, exposing
the ripe almond nut. You can easily get the dry kernel by simply cracking open the
stone. Almond meats are rich in food value, like all nuts. Gather them in large
quantities and shell them for further use as survival food. You could live solely on
almonds for rather long periods. When you boil them, the kernel's outer covering
comes off and only the white meat remains.
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