The Atari BASIC Source Book.pdf
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From
COMPUTE!
Books and
Optimized Systems Software, Inc.
The AtarrBASIC
SOURCE
Compiled by
Bill
Wilkinson
Optimized Systems Software, Inc.
With the assistance of
Kath leen O'Brien and Paul Laughton
ATARI is a registered trademark of Atari. Inc.
800
COMPUTE! Books is a division of COMPUTE! Publications, Inc., a subsidiary of
American Broadcasting Companies, Inc.
Editorial mailing address is :
PO Box 5406
Greensboro, NC 27403 USA
(919) 275-9809
Optimized Systems Services, In c., is loca ted at :
10379 Lansdale Avenue
Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
(408) 446-3099
All reasonable care has bee n taken in the wri ting, tes ting, and co rrecting of the text and
of the software within this book. There is, however, no expressed or implied warra nty
of any kind from the authors or publishers with res pect to the text or software herein
contained . In the event of any d amages resu ltin g from the use of the text or the soft-
ware in this book, or from undocumente d or doc umented manufacturer's changes in
Atari BASIC made before or aft er the publication of this book, the authors or publishers
shall be in no sense liable.
Copyright
©
1983 tex t, COMPUTEr Publica tions, In c.
Copyright
©
1978, 1979, 1983 program li s tin gs, O ptimized System s Software, In c. All
rights reserved .
Reproduction or translation of a ny part of this work beyond th at permitted by secti ons
107 and 108 of the United States Copyrig ht Ac t wi thout the permission of the copyright
owner is unlawful.
Printed in the United States of America
ISBN 0-942386-15-9
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ii
Table of Contents
Publisher's Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. v
Acknowledgments ............. . .. .. ... .. . . . . .. .......
Vll
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IX
Part One: Inside Atari BASIC
(
1 Atari BASIC: A High-level Language Translator. . . . . ..
1
2 Internal Design Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7
3 Memory Usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13
4 Program Editor .. . ..... .................... . . .. ... 25
5 The Pre-compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33
6 Execution Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49
7 Execute Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 55
8 Execution Boundary Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71
9 Program Flow Control Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75
10
Tokenized Program Save and Load .. . .... . ... ... .... 81
11
The LIST and ENTER Statements .......... ...... ... 85
12
Atari Hardware Control Statements ... ..... . ... . . .. . 91
13
External Data 110 Statements ....... . .......... ..... 95
14
Internal 110 Statements . . .. ....... . ... .. ... .... .. .. 103
15
Miscellaneous Statements . .. . .. .... . .... ...... .. . .. 105
16
Initialization .......... . . .. ...... . ..... . ...........109
Part Two: Directly Accessing Atari BASIC
Introduction to Part Two .... .. . . ... ..... ... ............113
1 Hexadecimal Numbers ...... . .... . ......... . .......115
2 PEEKing and POKEing ......... ... . .. . .. ..........119
3 Listing Variables in Use .... . ......... . .. . ........ .. 123
4 Variable Values .. . .. . ............. ... .... . .. . ......125
5 Examining the Statement Table ... .. ........ . .......129
6 Viewing the Runtime Stack ..... . .... . . . .......... .. 133
7 Fixed Tokens . . ......... . . . . . ................ .. ....135
8 What Takes Precedence? . .. . . .... ... . ...... . .. . ... . 137
9 Using What We Know .. . . . . . ...... . ... . ..... . .....139
Part Three: Atari BASIC Source Code
Source Code Listing .... .. .. . .. .... . .. ..... . ........ .. . 143
iii
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