First Aid Made Easy.pdf

AED Usage

Amputation

Anaphylaxis

Angina

Asthma

Bleeding

Burns

Chest Injuy

Choking

CPR

6-8

Croup

Crush I njury

Diabetes

Drowning

Epilepsy

Eye Injury

Fainting

Febrile Convulsions

Fitting

Fractures

Frostbite

Head Injuries

Heart Attack

Heat Exhaustion

Heat Stroke

Hyp e rventilation

Hypothermia

Internal Bleeding

Poisoning

Recovery Position

Resuscitation

6-8

Shock

Spinal Injury

3 9

Sprains and Strains

3 7

A comprehensive first aid

manual and reference guide.

Stroke

Unconsciousness

Nigel Barraclough SR Para C ertE d

Contents and Introduction .

Contents

Introduction

First Aid

Poisons, Burns and Scalds

This manual has been designed by

I ntroduction

3 Poisons

an experienced paramedic instructor

The Aims of F i rst Aid

4 Estimating Sev e r i t y of a Burn

to guide you through your first aid

course, and to provide you with 0

reference for future years.

Pr i or i ties of Treatment

4 Causes of Burns and T reatment

Resuscitation

Injuries to Bones, Muscles and Joints

Most people will find the information

in this book useful and informative,

Emergency Action Plan

5 The Skeletal System

Chain of S u rv i va l

6 Causes of I njury

but it cannot replace 'hands on'

Cardio P u l monary Resusc i tat i on (CPR) 6 - 8 Types of F r ac ture

training in the vital skills of dealing

Ch il d and Baby CPR

8 Dislocat i ons

with on emergency situation.

Chest Compression on l y CPR

8 Spra i ns and Strains

Eective emergency treatment

Unconsciousness

Spra i ns and St r a ins - T reatment

before professional help arrives

con go a long way to reducing the

Defi n itio n and Causes

9 Fractures - Signs and Symptoms

efects of illness and injury, and

indeed save someone's life.

Levels of Respons e

9 Fractures - Treatment

P r i mary and Secondary Survey

10 Sp in al In j uries

39 - 41

Recovery P osi tion

Effects of Heat and Cold

Ta king part in a firs t aid course and

using this manual may be the most

important decisian you make in

Head Injuries

12 - 13 Body Temperature

Stroke

13 Hypothe r m i a

your life ...

Hypoxia ( I ow oxygen)

14 Fros t bi t e

Airway and Breath i ng Problems

Heat Exhaustio n

The Resp ir a t ory System

15 Heat Stroke

Choking

16 - 17 Ta king a Temperat u re

A n aphy l axis

Other Serious Conditions

Asthma and Croup

19 D i abetes

46 - 47

Hyperventilation

20 Epil e ps y

48-49

Drowning

20 Seizures

48 - 49

Chest I n j uries

21 F e br il e Co n vulsions

Circulation Prob l ems

The Digestive Sys t e m

The Circulatory System

22 - 23

Hea l th and Safety

Edition 7.1

Angina

24-25 E mp l oyer ' s Respons i bilities

5 1

Heart A t tack

24-25 First Aid Kits

IMPORTANT

L e f t Vent ri cular Failure

25 F i rst Aid needs assessment

This manual is designed as a learning

guide to a full first aid course,

it cannot replace 'hands on' training in

Shock: - Hypovolaemic

26 Typed of First Aider

5 3

•

Cardiogenic

27 Reporting of Incidents (RIDDOR) 53

the vital skills of dealing with an

emergency situation.

- A n a p h ylact i C

27 Accident Book

f you suspect illness or injury, you should

aways seek prfessional medical advice.

Fainting

27 Patient Report Form

Wounds and Bleeding

Appendix

DISCLAIMER

Whilst every fft has been made

o ensure he accuracy f he information

contained within this manual,

Hygiene

28 Resuscitation C h i ld

Types of Wound

28 R e s u sc i ta t i on Baby

the auhor does not accept any liabiliy

for any inaccuracies or for any

0 0

Blood Loss

29 R es uscita t ion w i th an AED

58 - 60

subsequent mistreatment f

�

any person, however caused.

�

Treatment of Bleeding

Glossary

�

Embedded Objects

31 Notes

61 - 64

Nose Bleeds

31 Glossary

No part of this pub l ication maybe re pr odu c ed,

Eye I njur i es

First Aid Quiz

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted

in any form or by any means , electronic,

Amputation

First Aid Qu i z

mechanical, photocopying, recording or

otherw i se, without the prior written permission

of the copyright owner.

Crush Injury

Internal Bleeding

Tel: 0845 644 3305 www.q u a l sa f e.com

_ First aid

The aims of first aid

P reserve Life

Not only the casualty's life, but your own as well. Far too often only one person's life

is in danger when the emergency services are called, but by the time they arrive there

are more. If you put your life in danger, you can end up fighting for your OWN life

instead of the casualty's .

P revent the situation from Worsening

The skilled first a i der must take action to prevent the whole situation from becoming

worse (e.g. removing dangers such as trafic or fumes), as well as acting to prevent the

casualty's condition from deteriorating.

P romote Recovery

The actions of a first aider should, after preventing things from getting worse, help

the casua l ty to recover from their illness or injury.

Priorities of treatment

All animal life needs a constant

supply of oxygen to survive. If

that oxygen is token away for

any reason, brain cells will start

to die within 3 to 4 minutes.

The first priority with any patient is to make sure the Airway is open and then to check they

are Breathing normally (A and B ) . If the patient is breathing normally, this means that their

heart must also be bea t ing, so blood is being circulated around the body. As the A and B

check is carried out first, we call it the primary survey ' .

Once you are happy that the casualty is Breathing normally and oxygen is being circulated

around the body, the next priority is to deal with any major Bleeding, because you need to

maintain enough blood to circulate the oxygen around. After these steps, the next priority

is to deal with any broken Bones ( BB8 ) . The check for bleeding and then broken bones is

called the 'secondary suvey'.

The priorities of treatment ore

therefore aimed firstly at getting

oxygen into the blood stream,

ensuring that the blood is

circulating around the bod, and

then preventing the loss of that

blood. If this aim is achieved, then

the majority of casualties will still be

olive when the ambulance a r rives.

Primary Survey

•

0 Aiway

- 0 Beathing

•

��

�Q

0 Blding

- � •

I n nes

(0< Bums)

MuWp/e casualties

The BBB rule can be used for

multiple casualties, to decide who

needs treatment first. A rough ' rule

of thumb ' is that the casualty who

is the quietest needs treatment

first, where os the one making

the most noise (trying to get your

attention) is the least serious!

Emergency action plan .

It is i mportant to have an action plan for emergencies. This flow chart guides you through the actions to be taken when dea l ing with

a patient. All the topics, such as the recovery position and resuscitation are covered later in the book.

Remove

Danger

DANGER?

look for any futher danger.

Make the scene safe.

Do not take risks.

) Response?

Shout and gently shake

or tap the casualy.

History

Find out hat has hapened.

Signs and Symptoms

w s e patent feel r ok?

Ty to k ut hat's rg.

Help!

Shut for help but don't

leave e casualy yet

Treatment

Rmember - f you're not sure, always

eek professional medical advice.

Ai wa y

Oen the aiway by tilting e

head back and lifting the chin.

Normal

Breathing?

lok, listen and feel for

o more than 1 0 sconds.

Secondary Survey

Check fr eding, injurs

and cles (se e 10).

•

Recovery Position

• Rcovey osition (see age 11).

• Di a l 99 f not alreay done.

• Monitor Airway and Breathing.

• Kep the casualy warm.

f you're not sure f

breathing is normal, treat it

as though it is not.

Dial 99 Now

(If not alreay done)

Resuscitation

• Give 30 chest compressions, then 2 rescue breaths.

• Cntinue giving ycles of 30 compressions to 2 rescue breahs.

• Only stop to rechck the patient if they stat breathing normally -

othewise do not interrupt resuscitation.

• If there is more than one rescuer, change over every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue.

Plik z chomika:

Inne pliki z tego folderu:

Inne foldery tego chomika: