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Technical Information

Terminology and Symbols

in Control Engineering

Technical Information

Part 1:

Fundamentals

Part 2:

Self-operated Regulators

Part 3:

Control Valves

Part 4:

Communication

Part 5:

Building Automation

Part 6:

Process Automation

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Part 1 × L101 EN

Terminology and Symbols in

Control Engineering

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Terminology in Control Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Open loop control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Closed loop control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Control loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Abbreviations of variables relating to closed loop control. . . . . . . . . 10

Symbols in Control Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Signal flow diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Blocks and lines of action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Instrumentation and control tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Control Systems and Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Fixed set point control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Follow-up control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Cascade control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Ratio control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Appendix A1: Additional Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Fundamentals × Terminology and Symbols in Control Engineering

Preface

The technical informations presented in this document are based on defini-

tions according to DIN, the German organization of standardization (Deut-

sches Institut für Normung). Continuous efforts are being made to determine

international definitions in order to achieve an increasing similarity in the ter-

minology used. Nevertheless, differences in designations and representa-

tions do exist in international use. Literature presented at the end of this

document includes international standards and publications relating to DIN

standards, or being derived from them.

Representations and text sections referring to DIN are often cited in short

form, summarizing the contents. The precise facts must always be read - also

because of possible extensions or amendments - in the current edition of the

respective standard.

Part 1 × L101 EN

Introduction

Planning, design and start-up of process control systems require clear and

unambiguous communication between all parts involved. To ensure this, we

need a clear definition of the terms used and as far as the documentation is

concerned standardized graphical symbols. These symbols help us

represent control systems or measurement and control tasks as well as their

device-related solution in a simple and clear manner.

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