Adsorption Engineering.pdf

Adsorption

Engineering

MOTOYUKI SUZUKl

Professor, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1

KODANSHA

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Library of Congress Cataloglng-in-Publication Data

Suzukl. Motoyukl. 1941-

Adsorptton englneerlng / Motoyukl Suzukl.

p. cn. -- (Chemical englneerlng monographs : vol. 25)

Includes bibllographical references

ISBN 0-444-98802-5 (U.S.)

1. Adsorptlon. I. Tttle. 11. Series Chemical englneerlng

nonographs : v. 25.

TP156.A35S89 1989

660'.28423--dc20

89-23532

CIP

ISBN 0-444-98802-5 (Vol. 25)

ISBN 0-444-41 295-6 (Series)

ISBN 4-06-201 485-8 (Japan)

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm.

retrieval system, or any other means, without the written permission of Kodansha

Ltd. (except in the case of brief quotation for criticism or review).

Printed in Japan

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING MONOGRAPHS

Advisory Editor: Professor S.W. CHURCHILL, Department of Chemical

Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A

Vol. 1 Polymer Engineering (Williams)

Vol. 2 Filtration Post-Treatment (Wakeman)

Vol. 3 Multicomponent Diffusion (Cussler)

Vol. 4 Transport in Porous Catalysts (Jackson)

Vol. 5 <alculation of Properties Using Corresponding-State Methods

(Sterktek et 01.)

Vol. 6 Industrial Separators for Gas Cleaning (Storch et 01.)

Vol. 7 Twin Screw Extrusion (Janssen)

Vol. 8 Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Chemical and Petrochemical

Processes (Himmelblau)

Vol. 9 Electrochemical Reactor Design (Pickett)

Vol. 10 Large Chemical Plants (Froment, editor)

Vol. 11 Design of lndustrial Catalysis (Trimm)

Vol. 12 Steady-state Flow-sheeting of Chemical Plants (Benedek, editor)

Vol. 13 Chemical Reactor Design in Practice (Rose)

Vol. 14 Electrostatic Precipitators (Bohm)

Vol. 15 Toluene, the Xylenes andtheir lndustrial Derivatives (Hancock, editor)

Vol. 16 Dense Gas Dispersion (Britter and Griffiths, editors)

Vol. 17 Gas Transport in Porous Media: The Dusty Gas Model (Mason and

Malinauskas)

Vol. 18 Principles of Electrochemical Reactor Analysis (Fahidy)

Vol. 19 The Kinetics of lndustrial Crystallization (Njrvlt et 01.)

Vol. 20 Heat Pumps in Industry (Moser and Schnitzer)

Vol. 21 Electrochemical Engineering (RouSar et 01.) in 2 volumes: Parts A-C

and Parts D-F

Vol. 22 Heavy Gas Dispersion Trials at Thorney Island (McQuaid, editor)

Vol. 23 Advanced Design of Ventilation Systems for Contaminant Control

(Goodfellow)

Vol. 24 Ventilation '85 (Goodfellow, editor)

Vol. 25 Adsorption Engineering (Suzuki)

Preface

1 was introduced to adsorption when 1 spent two years (19691 1971)

with Professor J. M. Smith at the Universityof California, Davis,

studying application of chromatographic methods to determine rate

processes in adsorption columns. After returning to the lnstitute of

Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 1 joined Professor Kunitaro

Kawazoe's adsorption research group where pioneering work in adsorption

engineering had been conducted, and started research on development of

adsorption technology for water pollution control.

Since then I have had many opportunities to acquire valuable ideas on

adsorption problems not only from Professor Kawazoe but from

numerous other senior colleagues including Professor Toshinaga Kawai

of Kanagawa University, Professor Yasushi Takeuchi of Meiji University

and the late Professor Hiroshi Takahashi of I.I.S., University of

Tokyo.

In the laboratory, I was fortunate to have many good collaborators

including Dr. Kazuyuki Chihara, Dr. Dragoslav M. Misic, Professor

Byun-Rin Cho, Dr. Akiyoshi Sakoda, Dr. Ki-Sung Ha and other students.

The technical assistance of Mr. Toshiro Miyazaki and Mr. Takao Fujii in

laboratory work was invaluable. This volume was written based on the

work of this group and 1 am very grateful to these colleagues and to many

others not listed here.

In preparing the manuscript, I repeatedly felt that much work

remains to be done in this field and that many directions of research are

waiting for newcomers to seek out. Because of my imperfect knowledge

and experience, many important problems which require discussion are

not included. If possible these should be treated in a future edition. It

took me far longer than expected at the beginning to prepare the

manuscript for this monograph mainly due to idleness. Mr. Ippei

Ohta of Kodansha Scientific Ltd. diligently prodded me. Without

his energy this book would never have been completed. I also had to

spend much time working at home and I am very grateful to my patient

and gentle wife, Keiko, to whom I dedicate this volume.

Tokyo

December 1989

Motoyuki Suzuki

Contents

Preface v

1 Introduction ... . . .. . ... . . .. . ..... .. ..... . ... ..... .. ...... .1

2 Porous Adsorbents.. . . ... ... ... .. . . . .. . .. . .... .. ..... . .... .5

2 1 Activated Carbon 8

2 2 Slllca and Alumlna IS

2 3 Zeollte 16

2 4 Other Adsorbents 2 1

2 5 Measurement of Pore-related Properties 22

3 Adsorption Equllibriurn ... . . . . . ... .... ... ... . ... . ........ .35

Relatlons 35

3 2 Adsorptlon Isotherms 37

3 3 Heat of Adsorptlon 5 1

3 4 Adsorptlon Isotherms for Multlcomponent Systems 56

3 5 Adsorptlon Isotherms of Unknown Mlxtures 60

4 Diffusion in Porous Particles.. .. . .. . . .. . .. . . ... . . . ........ .63

4 1 Dlffuslon Coefficient 63

4 2 Pore D~ffuslon 64

4 3 Surface Dlffuslon 70

4 4 Mlcropore Dlffus~on 85

5 Ktnetics of Adsorptlon in a Vessel ... . . .. ... . .. ...... . ... . .95

5 I Fundamental Relatlons 95

5 2 Batch Adsorptlon wlth a Constant Concentration of Surround~ng

3 1 Equ~llbr~urn

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