Developing Web Applications Jbuilder 2006.pdf

Developing Web Applications

JBuilder ® 2005

Borland Software Corporation

100 Enterprise Way

Scotts Valley, California 95066-3249

www.borland.com

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JB2005webapps 6E8R0804

0405060708-987654321

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Contents

Chapter 1

Developing web applications 1

Documentation conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Developer support and resources. . . . . . . . . . . 3

Contacting Borland Developer Support . . . . . . 3

Online resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

World Wide Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Borland newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Usenet newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Reporting bugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Content page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Obfuscation page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Deployment page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Refactoring page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Signature page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

WAR files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Applets in a WAR file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Chapter 5

Working with web applications

in the JBuilder IDE 37

Creating a runtime configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 38

Creating a runtime configuration

with the wizards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Creating an applet runtime configuration . . . . . 39

Creating a server runtime configuration . . . . . 40

How URLs run servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Setting run properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Configuring the IDE for web run/debug . . . . . . . 47

Compiling your servlet or JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Web running your servlet or JSP . . . . . . . . . . 48

Starting your web server . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Web view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Web view source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Stopping the web server . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Web debugging your servlet or JSP . . . . . . . . . 51

Part I

Working with web applications

Chapter 2

Introduction

Chapter 3

Overview of the web application

development process 11

Servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

JavaServer Pages (JSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

JavaServer Faces (JSF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Struts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library (JSTL) . . . 15

InternetBeans Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Java Web Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Deciding which technologies to use in

your web application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

The basic web application development process . . . 17

Web applications vs. distributed applications . . . . . 18

Chapter 6

Using the TCP Monitor 53

Enabling the TCP Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Configuring the server port . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Running the TCP Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Resending a packet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Disabling the TCP Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

The TCP Monitor UI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Chapter 4

Working with web modules

and WAR files 19

Web modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Web archive (WAR) files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Tools for working with web modules

and WAR files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Creating a web module with the

Web Module wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

The web module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Module directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Web module properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Module page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Web page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Clean page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Build page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Chapter 7

Deploying your web application 59

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Archive files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

JSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Testing your web application . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Editing deployment descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Deployment descriptor refactoring . . . . . . . . 62

Editing vendor-specific deployment

descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

More information on deployment descriptors . . . 62

Chapter 8

Editing the web.xml file 63

Web Module DD editor types of pages . . . . . . . . 64

Web Module DD editor context menu . . . . . . . . 64

Web Application page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Context Parameters page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

EJB References page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

EJB Local References page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Environment Entries page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Error Pages page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Filters page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Initialization Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Filter Mappings page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

JSP Property Groups page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Listeners page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Locale Encoding Mapping Lists page . . . . . . . . 67

Message Destinations page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Message Destination References page . . . . . . . 68

MIME Mappings page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Resource Environment References page . . . . . . 69

Resource References page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Security Constraints page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Web Resource Collections page . . . . . . . . . 70

Servlets page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Initialization Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Security Role References . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Servlet Mappings page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Security Roles page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Service References page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Port Component References page . . . . . . . . 72

Handlers page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Initialization Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Tag Libraries page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Welcome File Lists page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Using third-party libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Deploying applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Testing applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Basic testing steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Testing in the browsers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

JBuilder and applets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Creating applets with the Applet wizard . . . . . .85

Running applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

JBuilder’s AppletTestbed and

Sun’s appletviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Running JDK 1.1.x applets in JBuilder . . . . .88

Running JDK 1.2 applets in JBuilder . . . . . .88

Debugging applets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Debugging applets in the Java Plug-in . . . . .89

Deploying applets in JBuilder . . . . . . . . . . .89

Chapter 10

Launching your web application

with Java Web Start 91

Considerations for Java Web Start applications. . . .91

Installing Java Web Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Java Web Start and JDK 5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Java Web Start and JBuilder . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

The application’s JAR file . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

The application’s JNLP file and homepage . . . .95

Chapter 11

Web application hints and tips 97

Creating a JSP in a web module subdirectory . . . .97

Creating JSPs with identical names . . . . . . . . . .97

Specifying a directory for a servlet

generated from a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Changing the web server’s port number . . . . . . .98

Adding a server-specific XML file to

the WAR file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Adding additional file types to your web module

and including them in the WAR file . . . . . . . . .99

Viewing contents of WEB-INF directory . . . . . . . .99

Disabling automatic generation

of the WAR file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Testing a web application in an

external browser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Opening the JSF Flow designer . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Opening the JSF Navigation designer. . . . . . . . 100

Opening a Struts designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Opening the Tiles designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Creating a tiles-def.xml file . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Creating a validation.xml file . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Adding and registering deployment descriptors . . . 101

Importing an existing web module. . . . . . . . . . 102

Creating a web module from an

existing archive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Debugging HTTP requests and responses . . . . . 103

Chapter 9

Working with applets 75

How do applets work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

The <applet> tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Sample <applet> tag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

<applet> tag attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Common mistakes in the <applet> tag . . . . . . 77

Browser issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Java support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Getting the preferred browser to

the end user . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Supporting multiple browsers . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Differences in Java implementation . . . . . . . . 78

Solutions to browser issues . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Additional tips for making applets work. . . . . . . . 80

Security and the security manager . . . . . . . . . . 81

The sandbox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Applet restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Solutions to security problems . . . . . . . . . . 82

Part II

Developing JavaServer Pages

and servlets

Chapter 15

Using InternetBeans Express 137

Overview of InternetBeans Express classes . . . . 138

Using InternetBeans Express with servlets . . . . . 139

Posting data with servlets using

InternetBeans Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Parsing pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Generating tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Using InternetBeans Express with JSPs . . . . . . 140

Table of InternetBeans tags . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Format of internetbeans.tld . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Chapter 12

Introduction

107

Chapter 13

Developing JavaServer Pages 109

JSP tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

JSP tag libraries and frameworks . . . . . . . . . . 111

JSPs in JBuilder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Working with JSP tag libraries and

frameworks in JBuilder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Using the Configure Libraries dialog box

to manage user-defined frameworks . . . . 113

Developing a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

The JSP wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Compiling a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Web running a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Debugging JSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Stepping into included JSP files . . . . . . . 119

Runtime configuration option

for JSP debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Your project’s Tomcat work directory . . . . . 119

Smart Swap and JSP debugging . . . . . . . 119

Debugging JSPs in subdirectories . . . . . . 120

Debugging JSPs with identical names . . . . 120

Remote JSP debugging . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Deploying a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Additional JSP resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Part III

Developing JavaServer Faces web

applications

Chapter 16

Introduction

147

Chapter 17

Using the JSF framework inJBuilder 149

JBuilder tools for JSF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

JSF project pane display . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Adding JSF deployment descriptors

to your web module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Registering JSF deployment descriptors . . . . . 150

JSF framework support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Web Module wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

JSP wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

JSF page editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Structure pane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Page editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Tag component palette . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Tag inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Faces Config editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

JSF designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Creating a JSF-enabled web application . . . . . . 155

Chapter 14

Developing servlets 123

Servlets and JSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Servlets and web servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

The servlet API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

The servlet.HTTP package . . . . . . . . . . . 125

The servlet lifecycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Constructing and initializing the servlet . . . . . 126

Handling client requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Servlets and multi-threading . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Destroying a servlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Servlet-aware HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

HTTP-specific servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Creating a servlet with the Servlet wizard . . . . . 127

Creating a standard servlet . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Creating a filter servlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Creating a listener servlet . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Compiling a servlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Web running a servlet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Invoking a servlet from a web browser . . . . . 133

Calling a servlet from an HTML page . . . . . . 134

Debugging servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Deploying servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Internationalizing servlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Writing a data-aware servlet . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Chapter 18

Editing the faces-config.xml file 157

The Faces Config editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Structure pane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Faces Config editor types of pages. . . . . . . . 158

The Faces Config editor context menu . . . . . . 159

Application Configuration category . . . . . . . . . 159

Application page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Locale Configuration page . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Lifecycle page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Factories page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Application Development category . . . . . . . . . 160

Navigation Rules page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Navigation Case page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Managed Beans page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Managed Property page . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Referenced Beans page . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Converters page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Attribute page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Property page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

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