ARDUINO_NOTEBOOKv6.pdf

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STRUCTURE:
arduino
programming
notebook
brian w. evans
Arduino Programming Notebook
Written and compiled by Brian W. Evans
With information or inspiration taken from:
http://www.arduino.cc
http://www.wiring.org.co
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Booklet/HomePage
http://cslibrary.stanford.edu/101/
Including material written by:
Paul Badger
Massimo Banzi
Hernando Barragán
David Cuartielles
Tom Igoe
Daniel Jolliffe
Todd Kurt
David Mellis
and others
Published:
First Edition August 2007
Second Edition September 2008
12c bao
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 License.
To view a copy of this license, visit:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/
Or send a letter to:
Creative Commons
171 Second Street, Suite 300
San Francisco, California, 94105, USA
contents
structure
structure
7
setup()
7
loop()
7
functions
8
{} curly braces
8
; semicolon
9
/*… */ block comments
9
// line comments
9
variables
variables
10
variable declaration
10
variable scope
11
datatypes
byte
12
int
12
long
12
float
12
arrays
13
arithmetic
arithmetic
14
compound assignments
14
comparison operators
15
logical operators
15
constants
constants
16
true/false
16
high/low
16
input/output
16
flow control
if
17
if… else
18
for
19
while
20
do… while
20
digital i/o
pinMode(pin, mode)
21
digitalRead(pin)
22
digitalWrite(pin, value)
22
analog i/o
analogRead(pin)
23
analogWrite(pin, value)
23
time
delay(ms)
24
millis()
24
math
min(x, y)
24
max(x, y)
24
random
randomSeed(seed)
25
random(min, max)
25
serial
Serial.begin(rate)
26
Serial.println(data)
26
appendix
digital output
29
digital input
30
high current output
31
pwm output
32
potentiometer input
33
variable resistor input
34
servo output
35
preface
This notebook serves as a convenient, easy to use programming reference for the
command structure and basic syntax of the Arduino microcontroller. To keep it
simple, certain exclusions were made that make this a beginner’s reference best
used as a secondary source alongside other websites, books, workshops, or classes.
This decision has lead to a slight emphasis on using the Arduino for standalone
purposes and, for example, excludes the more complex uses of arrays or advanced
forms of serial communication.
Beginning with the basic structure of Arduino's C derived programming language, this
notebook continues on to describe the syntax of the most common elements of the
language and illustrates their usage with examples and code fragments. This includes
many functions of the core library followed by an appendix with sample schematics
and starter programs. The overall format compliments O’Sullivan and Igoe’s Physical
Computing where possible.
For an introduction to the Arduino and interactive design, refer to Banzi’s Getting
Started with Arduino , aka the Arduino Booklet . For the brave few interested in the
intricacies of programming in C, Kernighan and Ritchie’s The C Programming
Language, second edition, as well as Prinz and Crawford’s C in a Nutshell, provide
some insight into the original programming syntax.
Above all else, this notebook would not have been possible without the great
community of makers and shear mass of original material to be found at the Arduino
website, playground, and forum at http://www.arduino.cc.

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