marzec2000.PDF

MARCH

2000

POST END FINIAL

P.1414

FORGE HOODS

P.1412

WRAPPED RAILING P.1416

115

#115, March 2000

Washington MO 63090. Permit to mail at periodicals postage rates is regis-

tered at Washington, MO. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to

Blacksmith’s Journal, PO Box 193, Washington, MO 63090. The

Blacksmith's Journal and its staff does not manufacture, warrant, guarantee,

or endorse any of the tools, materials, instructions or products contained in

any articles or features in the Blacksmith's Journal. The Blacksmith's Journal

disclaims any responsibility or liability for damages or injuries as a result of

any construction, design, use, manufacture or other activity undertaken as a

result of the use or application of information contained in any articles or

features in the Blacksmith's Journal. The Blacksmith's Journal assumes no

responsibility or liability for the accuracy, fitness, proper design, safety or

safe use of any information contained in the Blacksmith's Journal.

Phone: 800-944-6134

Mail: P.O. Box 193, Washington Mo 63090

E-mail: journal@mail.usmo.com Internet: www.blacksmithsjournal.com

Managing Editor Janelle Gilbert

Editor Jerry Hoffmann

Illustrations Jerry Hoffmann

The Blacksmith's Journal, A Monthly Journal of Illustrated Techniques, (ISSN

1051 6220) is published in monthly supplemental form for $35.00 1yr.

within the United States. Canada 1yr. $43.00; Overseas 1yr. $66.00 (U.S.

funds only). Published by Hoffmann Publications Inc., 300 Cedar St,

Volume 1, August 1990 - July 1991

#0 Basket Handle / Lap Weld / Tool Handle

#1 Forging 1/2" x 11/2" Channel Iron

#2 Coal Forge / Flat Jaw Tongs / Drawings

#3 Cave Fire / Box Joint Tongs / Drawings

#4 Gas Forges / Box Jaw & Bolt Tongs / Drawings

#5 Stock / Basics / Damascus Leaf / Drawings

#6 Upsetting / Punching / Drawings

#7 Basics / Tooling / Split & Twist / Poker

#8 Square Corners / Layout Drawings

#9 Blacksmith's Helper

#10 Eye Punch / Cross Peen Hammer / Ladder Twist

#11 Heat Treatment / Square Punch / T Weld

Volume 2, August 1991 - July 1992

#12 Scrolls / Bending Fork / Scroll Jig

#13 Snub End Scrolls / Scrolls Made in a Vise

#14 Fishtail Scroll / Flair Scroll / Pattern Scroll / Split Scroll

#15 Door Latch / Hooks

#16 Twisting Wrench / Twisting / Diamond Twist

#17 Tongs , Round Stock / Split Basket Twist / Folded Leaf

#18 Fireplace Shovel / Collar / Shovel Blade / Shovel Form

#19 Channel Collar / Rivet Tools / Rivets Tenons / Drill Press

#20 Finial / Decorative Laminations / Stock Lengths

#21 Perspective Drawings / Skillet / Skillet Handle

#22 1 & 2 Point Perspective / Hinge Eye / Door Hinge

#23 3 Point Perspective / Strap Hinge / Leaf Hinge

Volume 3, August 1992 - July 1993

#24 Hinge Journal / Keeper / Hinge Variations / Drop Latch

#25 Hardy Tools / Tool Holder / Shop Equipment & Layout

#26 Forging Tools / Hot Cut / Gate Pull / Hammer Handles

#27 Sign Frame

#28 Flag Holder / Letter Opener / Braided Handle / Finishes

#29 Bar Ornament / Bar Scroll / Split Flair Finial / Bar Splice

#30 Kitchen Utensils / Vessel / Vise Grip Modifications

#31 Boot Scraper / Baluster Joinery / Bar Splices

#32 Andiron / Fire Tool Stand / Tulip / Bending Stock

#33 Rope Pulley / Bending Forks / Grinder-Saw

#34 Square Knot / Angle Iron / Flue Block Forge

#35 Forged and Fabricated Railing

Volume 4, August 1993 - July 1994

#36 Fireplace Grate / Snub Tool / Dynamics / Roofing Hammer

#37 Street Sign / Forged Numbers

#38 Forged Numbers / Spring Latch / Twist Shear

#39 Shop Equipment / Cutting Torches / Blacksmith's Helper #2

#40 Sculptors' Chisels / Rings, Handles and Knobs

#41 Patterns / Barbs / Split Leaves / Rubik's Twist / Latch Plate

#42 Patterns / Ring / Quick Hardies / Rail Anvils

#43 Forged Ring

#44 Forged Ring / Arc Welds

#45 Forge Welding Tips / Headboard

#46 Fireplace Tools / Tool Holder / Doorknob

#47 Pipe Forging / Bar Twister

Volume 5, August 1994 - July 1995

#48 Picket Finials / Fences / Stringer Bracket / Post Installation

#49 Fence Installation / Fence Assembly / Quatrefoil

#50 Toilet Paper Stand / Towel Rack

#51 Power Hammer Restoration

#52 Fireplace Crane / Power hammer Dies

#53 Grill / Railing / Misc. Welds / Snub Upset

#54 Stair Railing Measurement / Railing Terminal

#55 Wall-mount Lantern

#56 Concealed Wiring / Chandelier / Candlestick / Hot Cutting

#57 Shutter Dog / Gutter Bracket / Spring Vise / Bar Weave

#58 Spiral Stairs / Spiral Stair Frame

#59 Grooving Tool / Treadle Hammer / Collar / Swing Arm Adjuster

Volume 6, August 1995 - July 1996

#60 Hardy Tool Blank / Weathervane

#61 Side Table / Furniture Leg

#62 Floor Lamp #1 / Floor Lamp #2

#63 Filing Vise / Fireback/Grate

#64 Blacksmiths' Tools

#65 Blacksmiths' Tools / Air Gate #1 / Air Gate #2 / Double Calipers

#66 The Creative Process / Rosettes

#67 Fireplace Doors / Rosettes / Curtain Holdback

#68 Chain / Anvil Stand / Linked Balusters

#69 Apple Hinge / Photo Gallery

#70 Thumb Latch / 2½" Flatter

#71 Ornamental Bell / Fabricated Panels / Continuous Scroll

Volume 7, August 1996 - July 1997

#72 Door Chime / Welded Faces and Edges

#73 Hinge Pintle / Door Stop / Hack Saw

#74 Hack Saw / Sawing Tips / Keepsake Box

#75 Keepsake Box / Rails and Molding

#76 Damascus Basics / Patterns / Hinge / Spiral / Picture Frame

#77 Desktop Blacksmithing / Brazed Hinge / Power Hammer Tools

#78 Scale

#79 Mini Vise / Swage Blocks / Railing Post

#80 Pot Rack / Curb Bit

#81 Post and Railing / Fire Mop / Rein Clip

#82 Hossfeld / Forming Die / Welded Finial / Hammer Tech. / Tips

#83 Filing / Post Vise Stand / Door Latch

Volume 8, August 1997 - July 1998

#84 Door Latch / Decorative Chain / Square Corner

#85 Cone Shell / Spring Tool / Lap Joint

#86 Mail Box / 90° Bar Splice

#87 Grill / Serpent Head

#88 Coat Hooks

#89 Walkway Gate / Tool Steel Identification Guide

#90 Firescreens

#91 Ornament / Surface patterns / Railing / Welded Square Corner

#92 Hand Wheel / Fabricated Posts / Door Knocker

#93 Hosta Leaf / Gate Handle / Thorn Twist

#94 Desk Lamp / Anvil Accessories

#95 16oz. Claw hammer / Rose / Angled Tenon

Volume 9, August 1998 - October 1998

#96 Headboard / Wrapped Collars & Joinery

#97 ABANA 2k Gate Project / Wrenches / Improved Hinge Pintle

#98 Bridge/ Upsetting Tool / Size Gauge / Vise Blocks / Magician #3

#99 C2k Gate / Cross Peen Hammer / Power Hammer Swage

#100 Table and Stools / Upsetting Tongs

#101 Keepers / Flat Bar Edging / Flat bar Basket

#102 Handle #1,2,3 / ABANA 2k project / Surface Pitting

#103 Slide Bolt / Bell #2 / Lizard / Upsetting Tool

#104 Cupola / Magician Base / Smithin’ Magician #3 / C2k Update

#105 Cap Rails / Hand Rail Bracket / Bar Clamp

#106 Bottle Openers / Hole Opening Guide / Knobs / Back-up Tool

#107 Hatchet / Slot Punch / Tee Joints / Beaded Edges / Gate Bar Lug

Volume 10, August 1999 - February 2000

#108 Tong Basics / Mortise & Tenon / Grill / Angle Iron Eagle

#109 Post Vise / Water Lily Leaf

#110 Candlestick / Gate Stop / C2k Gate Project

#111 Historic marker / Garden Fork

#112 Traveler / Punch Guide / Stock Stretcher / Transferring Images

#113 Split Cross / Split Rings / Split Finials / Split Grills

#114 Clevis / Bick Iron / Miniature Anvil

1410

A FAIR PRICE

It’s remarkable that blacksmiths

still have a role to play in the year

2000. What they do is more con-

nected to a slower pace progress

once necessary to achieve a given

goal when the year rolled around to

1900. Today the phrase “time is

money” has new meaning; technol-

ogy has helped us do more in less

time than a blacksmith working a

decade ago could ever imagine.

Hand forging once made possible the ability

to make any custom item a customer might

desire at a fair price. It took time, but so did

everything else, and there was no faster method

to compare it to like there is now. One thing

that kept blacksmiths busy producing custom

work for so long is the simplicity of the tech-

nique. Francis Whitaker, when asked how one

begins to be a blacksmith, used to say “just get

it hot and hit it”. It’s literally that simple, but with

skill and experience it makes possible the cre-

ation of any tool, hardware item or ornament,

and in 1900 it seemed fast. In 2000 it’s not so

fast, and if you want to make a profit, a fair price

is a high price.

Last November we received a letter outlin-

ing an estimate of how much it would cost to

make the candlestick by Tom Latané featured in

the October ‘98 Journal. The cost, even without

making the special tooling required, came up to

$352. Obviously the 2000 market for such an

item is very limited because of the time required

to make it. Most professional blacksmiths

wouldn’t bother to make one, and then try to

sell it without first being commissioned to do it.

There are however a great many blacksmiths

who don’t rely on blacksmithing for their income

that would accept it as a creative challenge. Art

for art’s sake. The effect of taking affordability

away from the process of hand wrought work

has changed what blacksmiths do and created

greater diversity in their work.

Today a blacksmith’s work can

be broken into four basic cate-

gories: horseshoeing, traditional

ironwork, architectural ironwork,

and sculpture. Horseshoers are

the only blacksmiths who can still

charge a “fair price” in today’s

economy. Although there are

ready-made keg shoes, plastic

shoes and high tech materials

being used today, hand forged

shoes are still in demand by many horse owners

and veterinarians. Traditional ironwork is being

produced mostly by amateur blacksmiths and

those who already have a primary income.

Professional traditional blacksmiths often have a

following of clients in the fine crafts market who

are able and willing to spend the money for

hand forged work. Architectural blacksmiths

have a limited but strong market in the custom

housing industry where they can offer hand

forged work or a hybrid containing hand forged

elements in a fabricated piece. Many fab shops

who once only imitated hand forged work are

now influencing the market by competing with

other shops for a newly emerging appreciation

for forged work. Although some of the great

work done by blacksmiths in the past has been

dubbed as fine art, it wasn’t until this century

that forged work was accepted as a legitimate

medium for creating fine art. Albert Paley stands

out as the first sculptor to push the limits of

forged work until it became pure sculpture. The

economic shift in the demand for forged work

paved the way for artists like Paley to take it

beyond its traditional place in history.

Blacksmithing is and isn’t what it used to be.

The process is still the same and the possibilities

are still endless. What has changed is what

patrons expect from blacksmiths and what black-

smiths expect of themselves. However, they still

have a role to play in an economy that doesn't

always reward them for their efforts.

BLACKSMITH’S JOURNAL 1411

FORGE HOODS

373-1

Following is a display of some popular forge hood types

and variations. All these hoods should draw well; the rule

of thumb is to use a stack no less than 10” in dia. and

restrict the open area around or leading into the hood suf-

ficiently to create a draft.

373-2

OPEN HOODS

ARE MOST DIF-

FICULT TO MAKE

DRAW WELL.

USE SIDE PAN-

ELS THAT HINGE

OR RISE VERTI-

CALLY OR

ADJUSTABLE

HOOD AS

SHOWN.

SIDE DRAFT

FORGES ARE POP-

ULAR BECAUSE

THEY DRAW WELL

AND HAVE AN

OPEN HEARTH. A

HINGED HOOD SIM-

ILAR TO THE ONE

SHOWN HELPS

CONTROL SMOKE

DURING START-UP.

A SLIDING COVER

PLATE HELPS PRE-

VENT LOSS OF

HEAT IN WINTER

WHEN THE FORGE

IS NOT IN USE.

373-3

373-4

1412 #115 MARCH 2000

373-5

373-6

ENCLOSED FORGES

MAKE GOOD TASK

FORGES FOR A SPE-

CIFIC ITEM SUCH AS

HORSESHOES OR

RIVETS. THEY DRAW

EXTREMELY WELL

AND ARE SAFE TO

USE. A COAL HOPPER

MOUNTED TO THE

FORGE GIVES THE

USER A CONTINUOUS

SUPPLY OF COAL.

373-7

SIDE DRAFT FLUE PIPE FORGES

WORK SURPRISINGLY WELL BUT

HAVE A HARD TIME VENTING

ALL THE SMOKE DURING

START-UP. THE FLUE CAN BE

MOUNTED OUTSIDE TO SAVE

SPACE INSIDE THE SHOP.

373-8

BLACKSMITH’S JOURNAL 1413

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