Attempts.pdf

ISLAM EXPOSES THE BIASED ATTEMPTS

TO DISCREDIT IT

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Hamdy ZAKZOUK

Minister of Al Awqaf and Chairman of the Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs

Translated by:

Dr Thurayya M. Allam

Introduction

(1) The Holy Quran

(2) The Prophet Mohammad, Peace and Blessings be upon him

(3) The Muslim Conquests and the Truth Regarding Muslim Wars (Jihad)

and the Issue of Violence

(4) Islam and Issues Concerning the Individual

(5) Islam and Issues concerning the Muslim Woman

(6) Issues Concerning Freedom of Beliefs, the Unity of Islamic Nations and the

Background of Some Islamic Nations

(7) Questions About Certain Rulings of Islam

Introduction

Ever since its advent, Islam has been engaged in a continuous struggle against the

repeated endeavours to obliterate the truth for which it stands.

This struggle will continue until the world comes to an end, since the struggle between

truth and falsehood and between virtue and sin is eternal and began with the creation of

man and will continue as long as mankind inhabits the earth.

Islam is the final and conclusive Divine Faith revealed by God Almighty and accordingly

the last links of Divine communication form the heavens to the earth. As such Islam has

been subjected to more false accusations than the previous religions since it came: "in

truth confirming the scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety" (5,48).

The allegations attributed to Islam, since its advent and until the present day, have been

repeatedly circulated the only difference being the wording and the attempt to present

them in a semblance of scientific diction. The scholars of Islam answered these

allegations each according to his own thought and we do not belittle the efforts of those

scholars. The aim of this book is to present conclusive and verified proof regarding the

most important allegations against Islam that have been raised and repeated in the

recent years especially in the age of the Internet.

Accordingly, God willing, in the very near future, these authentic proofs will be

transmitted on the Internet, and we accordingly offer our modest contribution in

dispelling all points of misunderstanding and misrepresentation regarding the Faith of

Islam, its teachings and its prophet.

May God Almighty bless our efforts

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Hamdy Zakzouk

Minister of Al Awqaf

Chairman of the Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs

Muharram, 1419 H. / May 1998,A.D.

CHAPTER ONE

The Holy Quran

(I) Is the Quran a Divine Revelation or Contrived by man?

1- The Quran is the Divine book of Islam which contains the tenets and religious laws

upon which the Faith of Islam is founded and is also the source of its morals and ethics.

If the Quran is proved to be a Divine Revelation, which is free from all falsehood, there is

no alternative but to believe in it. Accordingly the powers hostile to Islam since the past

and up to the present day have done their utmost to shake the belief the authenticity

and Divine Origin of the Quran in the past, the pagans of Mecca did every thing in their

power to challenge the belief that the Quran was a Divine Revelation and they claimed:

“Naught is this but a lie which he has forged and others have helped him at it’’ (25/4).

They also described the Quran as being:" Tales of the ancients, which he has caused to

be written: and they are dictated before him morning and evening’’. (25,5) and that

Muhammad was taught by a man:

“It is a man that taught by man: it is a man that teaches him ’’ (16,103),

They even alleged that the Quran was the work of a magician or a priest, in order to

deny that is was a Divine Revelation inspired to Muhammad, blessings and peace upon

him, to guide mankind.

A number of orientalists who were biased against Islam supported the Pagans’ false

accusations and made desperate attempts to convince the world that the Quran was not

a divine revelation but had been contrived by Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon

him. These Orientalists repeated the pagans’ allegations despite the Querns authentic

and conclusive proofs to the contrary.

Since Muhammad was illiterate he charged some of his companions to commit to writing

the Divine Inspiration that was revealed to him. Had he been able to read and write, he

would not have needed anybody to write down the verses that had been revealed to him.

The allegation that he relied upon the Jewish and Christian scriptures in the Quran is not

only false but is also ridiculous, for how could an illiterate person read, understand and

convey any beliefs existing in the Holy Books of other religions? How and when could that

have happened? Such false allegations are not based upon any facts or proof.

2- Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, preached his message in Mecca for

about thirteen years, during that time there was no relationship between him and the

Jews, and this fact is historically authenticated. His relationship with Christians has also

been magnified beyond proportion. It has been related that when Muhammad was about

eleven years old, he travelled with his uncle Abdul Muttalib by caravan to Syria. During

the short time that the caravan rested, Muhammad met Bahiri, a Christian monk, and

talked to him a few minutes. How could a boy of that age possibly comprehend the

principles, rules, precepts and fundamentals of a religion in the few minutes that Bahiri

had talked to him? Also why did Bahiri the monk choose Muhammad out of all the people

in the caravan to teach him the principles of the Religion of Christianity? In addition to all

this, why did Muhammad wait thirty years after his meeting with Bahiri before

proclaiming his new faith? Such a story is not credible by any means.

This matter led the Orientalist Huart to reject this story as being fabricated. He affirmed

that not one of the Arabic documents and manuscripts that have been covered, studied

and published support this false allegation.He added: "The role allegedly played by the

Syrian Monk was nothing but the imagination of the author of the story” 1 .

3- The Quran in common with the divine religions previously revealed declared there was

one God, the Creator of the Universe and that all creatures are destined to return to Him.

God Alone is Source of all divine religions so there should be no conflict in the

fundamental precepts. The Quran, however, opposed many other prevalent beliefs

among the followers of both Judaism and Christianity. This itself is sufficient proof to the

allegation that Muhammad referred to the Jewish and Christian sources of faith. Had that

been the case; the difference in these beliefs would have been insignificant and would

not have involved fundamental beliefs.

4- No other scripture or Holy Book other than the Quran included scientific facts and

cosmic and biological phenomena in its verses more than fourteen centuries ago, all of

which were discovered only in the fifties of this century 2 (The twentieth century)

following the advanced progress in all branches of science. Examples of this include the

successive stages of the embryo and the fetus in the womb, ( 23,14 and 7,172 ) the sun,

the moon, the planets, the wind, rain, etc ( 56,75 and 51,47 ).

When astronomers failed to a scientific explanation for a phenomenon they admitted that

it was the result of “The Divine Hand” where could the illiterate prophet Muhammad have

possibly acquired such highly advanced scientific information? It cannot be claimed that

his sources in these matters were Jewish or Christian Scriptures, which make no

reference to any such matters. The only source of the inspired verses of the Quran was

undoubtedly and exclusively God Almighty, the Creator Universe and could not possibly

been any human source.

(II) Was the Quran contrived from previous scriptures?

1- Had the Quran been contrived from previously revealed scriptures, Muhammad's

adversaries would not have ignored the matter and remained silent. They would

undoubtedly have seized the opportunity to accuse him to that effect. All their allegations

were unfounded and lacked proof. The Quran itself has already mentioned these

allegations and their refutation, as we have written already in the above first chapter.

2- The Quran includes many laws, instructions and commands which did not exist in the

previous scriptures. Furthermore the Quran contains narratives with detailed accounts of

previous generations in addition to prophecies which were fulfilled. An example of this

was the final outcome of the conflict between the Romans and Persians, the events of

which were unknown to Muhammad, his people and the followers of Judaism and

Christianity.

3- The Quran urged people to acquire knowledge and to respect the human mind and

intellect. Accordingly, based on Islam's new teachings and rulings, the Muslims were

able, in a very short time, to establish a civilization which replaced the proceeding

civilization and flourished for many centuries. Had the Quran been compiled from the

previous divine religions why then did these religions not include the aforementioned

precept and teachings and did not play the same role as Islam?

4- The Quran is a Book the style of which is consistent and eloquent. Had it been

compiled from other scriptures it would have been incoherent, contradictory and

inconsistent due to the alleged various sources. Moreover, the Quran, always addresses

one’s sense and reasoning and does not include fables and myths. It relies upon evidence

and facts and demands the same of its adversaries:" Produce your proof if you are

truthful".[2/11 and27/64]This approach is considered a completely new approach and

does not exist in any previous scripture.

5- It is evident that Islam completely rejected evil beliefs of Paganism, its way of life and

brutal traditions and replaced them with true faith and a life of virtue. Where then is true

Pagan culture that Islam has been falsely accused of adopting from Pre- Islamic

Paganism?

(III) Is it true that the Quran did not introduce any new precepts

and rulings?

In addition to the previous authentic refutation of the second accusation regarding

theQuran, one may add:

1- The Quran related facts totally unknown to the people of the Books. For example it

narrated the story of Zakariya and the birth of the Virgin Mary and his guardianship of

her. The Quran also devoted whole chapter to the Virgin Mary, which is unparalleled in

the New Testament. Where could the Prophet Muhammad possibly have acquired these

facts?

2- It is related in Exodus that it was Pharaoh’s daughter who adopted Moses as a baby,

whereas the Quran states that Pharaoh’s wife found him and adopted him. We also read

Exodus that

“Aaron fashioned the gold and moulded the calf …”

that was worshipped by the Jews, where as the Quran states that Samiri was the culprit

and that Aaron was innocent,[1/50]

3-If the Quran had been derived from the Holy Scriptures of the Jews and Christians,

why did Islam reject the principle of the Trinity which is a fundamental belief in

Christianity? Why did Islam also reject the belief in the crucifixion of Christ, redemption,

inherited sin and the divinity of Christ? 3

4- The Quran presents the prophets of God as ideals of morality and virtue, whereas the

Old Testament states that some of them committed sins and this is incompatible with the

veneration accorded to them by Islam.

5- Religious observances commanded in the Quran such as praying, fasting, alms giving

and the pilgrimage to Mecca in addition to the instructions and teachings stated as to the

manner of how each observance is to be performed are matters that are unparalleled and

are not mentioned in any other religion. The five daily prayers are performed in a certain

manner at appointed times with the recital of certain specific verses of the Quran. Fasting

entails total abstinence from food drink and physical desire from dawn till sunset. Alms

vary in quantity and the way that they are donated. The Pilgrimage entails circling

around the Kaba, being assembled in great gathering at Mount Arafat, going to and forth

seven times between Al Safaa and Al Marwa, and pelting Satan with stones. These are all

religious observances, which are specifically related to Islam. Which religion could

possibly have been the source of these religious observances?

(IV) Did the collection of Quran throw any doubt upon the

authenticity of its text?

1- The prophet chose scribes form among his companions, who wrote down everything

that had been inspired to him by Divine Revelation immediately after its revelation. They

wrote on whatever was available such as parchment, wood, pieces of leather, stones or

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