LifeOfMuhammed.pdf

In the Name of Allah the Compassionate the Most

Merciful

The Life of The Prophet

Muhammed

Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

Contents

Page Subject

A Contents

1 How It All Began

4 The Children of Ishmael

6 The Promise at Zamzam

8 The Elephant Refuses to Move

9 The Prophet is Born

10 A Time with Halimah

11 The Orphan's Childhood

13 The Prophet's Marriage

15 The Coming of The Archangel Gabriel

17 The First Muslims

19 The Troubles Begin

22 The King Who Believed

24 The Cruelty of Quraysh

27 The Year of Sorrow

28 The Night Journey and The Ascent to Heaven

31 The Treaty of ‘Aqabah

32 Al-Hijrah

35 Arrival in Yathrib

37 The Battle of Badr

40 Uhud-Defeat Comes from Disobedience

44 The Battle of The Trench

48 The Treaty of Hudaybiyah

52 The Invitation

56 Entry into Mecca

59 The Lesson of Pride At The Valley of Hunayn

62 Tabuk-The Test of Faith

65 The Farewell Pilgrimage

68 The Prophet’s Death

71 Glossary

How It All Began

early four thousand years ago, in the Sumerian town of

Ur in the valley of the river Euphrates, lived a young

man named Abraham. The people of Ur had once

worshipped Allah but as time passed they forgot the true

religion and started praying to idols, statues made of wood

or clay and sometimes even of precious stones. Even as a

small child Abraham could not understand how his people,

and especially his father, could make these images with their

own hands, call them gods, and then worship them. He had

always refused to join his people when they paid respect to

these statues. Instead he would leave the town and sit

alone, thinking about the heavens and the world about him.

He was sure his people were doing wrong and so alone he

searched for the right way. One clear night as he sat staring

at the sky he saw a beautiful shining star, so beautiful that

he cried out: ‘This must be Allah!' He looked at it in awe for

some time, until suddenly it began to fade and then it

disappeared. He turned away in disappointment saying: I

love not things that set. (Koran vi.77)

On another night Abraham was again looking at the sky

and he saw the rising moon, so big and bright that he felt he

could almost touch it. He thought to himself: This is my

Lord. (Koran vi.78) But it was not long before the moon set

as well. Then he said, Unless my Lord guide me, I surely

shall become one of the folk who are astray. (Koran vi.78)

Abraham then saw the beauty and splendor of the sunrise

and decided that the sun must be the biggest and most

powerful thing in the universe. But for the third time he was

wrong, for the sun set at the end of the day. It was then

that he realized that Allah is the Most Powerful, the Creator

of the stars, the moon, the sun, the earth and of all living

things. Suddenly he felt himself totally at peace, because he

knew that he had found the Truth.

When he said unto his father and his folk: What do you

worship? They said: We worship idols, and are ever devoted

to them. He said: Do they hear you when you cry? Or do

they benefit or harm you? They said: Nay, but we found our

fathers acting in this manner. He said: See now that which

you worship, You and your forefathers! Lo! they are (all) an

enemy to me, except the Lord of the Worlds. Who created

me, and He guides me, And Who feeds me and waters me.

And when I sicken, then He heals me. And Who causes me

to die, then gives me lift (again) And Who, I ardently hope,

will forgive me my sin on the Day of judgement. (Koran

xxvi.70-82)

One day, while all the townspeople were out, Abraham

angrily smashed all the idols with his right hand except for

one which was very large. When the people returned they

were furious. They remembered the things Abraham had

said about the idols. They had him brought forth before

everyone and demanded, 'Is it you who did this to our gods,

0 Abraham?' Abraham replied, But this their chief did it. Ask

them, if they are able to speak.' The people exclaimed, 'You

know they do not speak.' 'Do you worship what you

yourselves have carved when Allah created you and what

you make?' Abraham continued, 'Do you worship instead of

Allah that which cannot profit you at all, nor harm you?'

(Koran xxxvii.95-6)(Koran xxi.66)

Finally, Abraham warned them, Serve Allah, and keep

your duty unto Him; that is better for you if you did but

know. You serve instead of Allah only idols, and you only

invent a lie. Lo! those whom you serve instead of Allah own

no provision for you. So seek your provision from Allah, and

serve Him, and give thanks unto Him, (for) unto Him you

will be brought back.(Koran xxix. 16-17)

The people of Ur decided to give Abraham the worst

punishment they could find: he was to be burnt to death. On

the chosen day all the people gathered in the centre of the

city and even the King of Ur was there. Abraham was then

placed inside a special building filled with wood. The wood

was lit. Soon the fire became so strong that the people were

pushed back by the flames. But Allah said: “O fire, be

coolness and peace for Abraham”. (Koran xxi.69)

The people waited until the fire had completely died

down, and it was then that they saw Abraham still sitting

there as though nothing had happened! At that moment they

were utterly confused. They were not, however, moved by

the miracle that had just happened before their very eyes.

Still Abraham tried to persuade his own dear father, who

was named Azar, not to worship powerless, un-seeing, un-

hearing statues. Abraham explained that special knowledge

had come to him and implored his father, 'So follow me and

I will lead you on the right path. 0 my father! Don't serve

the Devil.' But Azar would not listen. He threatened his son

with stoning if he continued to reject the gods of Ur. He

ordered Abraham to leave the city with these words: 'Depart

from me a long while.' Abraham said, 'Peace be upon you! I

shall ask my Lord's forgiveness for you. Surely He was ever

gracious to me.’ (Koran xix.43-7)

Imagine how terrible it must have been for him to leave

his home, his family and all that he knew, and set out across

the wilderness into the unknown. But at the same time, how

could he have remained among people who did not believe

in Allah and who worshipped statues? Abraham always had a

sense that Allah cared for him and he felt Allah near him as

he traveled. At last, after a long hard journey, he arrived at

a place by the Mediterranean Sea, not far from Egypt. There

he married a noble woman by the name of Sarah and settled

in the land of Palestine.

Many years passed but Abraham and his wife were not

blessed with any children. In the hope that there would be a

child, and in keeping with tradition, Sarah suggested that

Abraham should marry Hagar, her Egyptian handmaid. Soon

after this took place, Hagar had a little boy named Ishmael.

Some time later Allah promised Abraham another son, but

this time the mother of the child would be his first wife,

Sarah. This second son would be called Isaac. Allah also told

Abraham that from his two sons-Ishmael and Isaac-two

nations and three religions would be founded and because of

this he must take Hagar and Ishmael away from Palestine to

a new land. These events were an important part of Allah's

plan, for the descendants of Ishmael would form a nation

from which would come a great Prophet, who would guide

the people in the way of Allah. This was to be Muhammad

(pbuh), the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). From the

descendants of Sarah's child, Isaac, would come Moses and

Jesus.

So it was that Abraham, Hagar, and Ishmael left

Palestine. They traveled for many days until finally they

reached the arid valley of Bacca later to be called Mecca),

which was on one of the great caravan routes. There was no

water in the valley and although Hagar and Ishmael only had

a small supply of water left, Abraham left them there

knowing Allah would take care of them. Soon all the water

was gone. The child began to grow weak from thirst. There

were two hills nearby, one called Safa and the other

Marwah. Hagar went up one hill and looked into the distance

to see if she could find any water, but found none. So she

went to the other hill and did the same. She did this seven

times. Then sadly she returned to her son, and to her great

surprise and joy she found a spring of water bubbling out of

the earth near him. This spring, near which the mother and

child settled, was later called Zamzam. The area around it

became a place of rest for the caravans travelling across the

desert and in time grew into the famous trading city of

Mecca.

From time to time Abraham traveled from Palestine to

visit his family and he saw Ishmael grow into a strong young

man. It was during one of these visits that Allah commanded

them to rebuild the Ka'bah-the very first place where people

had worshipped Allah. They were told exactly where and how

to build it. It was to be erected by the well of Zamzam and

built in the shape of a cube. In its eastern corner was to be

placed a black stone that had fallen to earth from heaven.

An angel brought the stone to them from the nearby hill of

Abu Qubays. Abraham and Ishmael worked hard to rebuild

the Ka'bah and as they did so they prayed to Allah to send a

Prophet from among their descendants. And when Abraham

and Ishmael were raising the foundations of the House,

(Abraham prayed): 'Our Lord! Receive this from us; Thou,

only Thou, art the All-hearing, the All-knowing; Our Lord!

And make us submissive unto Thee and of our seed a nation

submissive unto Thee, and show us our ways of worship,

and turn toward us. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Relenting,

the Merciful. Our Lord! And raise up in their midst a

messenger from among them who shall recite unto them Thy

revelations, and shall instruct them in the Scripture and in

wisdom and shall make them grow. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art

the Mighty, Wise. (Koran ii.127-9) When the Ka'bah was

completed, Allah commanded Abraham to call mankind to

pilgrimage to His Holy House. Abraham wondered how

anyone could hear his call. Allah said, 'You call and I will

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